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Exhibit: How the horror of the Holocaust impacted American artists
דאָס איז איינער פֿון אַ סעריע קורצע אַרטיקלען אָנגעשריבן אױף אַ רעלאַטיװ גרינגן ייִדיש און געצילעװעט אױף סטודענטן. די מחברטע איז אַלײן אַ ייִדיש־סטודענטקע. דאָ קען מען לײענען די פֿריִערדיקע אַרטיקלען אין דער סעריע.
אַ נײַע אױסשטעלונג אינעם עסקענאַזי קונסט־מוזײ אין אינדיאַנער אוניװערסיטעט באַװײַזט װי אַזױ אַמעריקאַנער קינסטלער האָבן רעאַגירט אױפֿן גרויל פֿונעם חורבן. ס׳רובֿ פֿון זײ זענען געווען ייִדן, סײַ אימיגראַנטן סײַ הי־געבױרענע.
„דערמאָנונג און באַנײַונג׃ אַמעריקאַנער קינסטלער אונעם חורבן, 1970-1940“ איז די ערשטע אױסשטעלונג װאָס קאָנצענטרירט זיך אױפֿן חורבן אין דער אַמעריקאַנער קונסט בעת די 30 יאָר נאָך דער מלחמה — װען די ווירקונג פֿון דער שחיטה פֿון די אײראָפּעיִשע ייִדן איז נאָך אַלץ געװען פֿריש. די קינסטלער האָבן אױסגעדריקט טיפֿן שאָק און צער אױף פֿאַרשײדנאַרטיקע אופֿנים. דער אױסשטעלונגס־קאַטאַלאָג באַשרײַבט אַלע 74 װערק פֿון איבער דרײַ טוץ מאָלערס, סקולפּטאָרן און גראַפֿישע קינסטלער, און שטעלט זײ אינעם ייִדישן און אַמעריקאַנער קאָנטעקסט.

די אױסגעשטעלטע װערק פֿון איליאַ שאָר, רות װײַסבערג און פֿראַנק סטעלאַ באַהאַנדלען, דער עיקר, די פֿאַרטיליקונג פֿון דער ייִדיש־רעדנדיקער קולטור אין מיזרח־אײראָפּע. יעדער קינסטלער רעפּרעזענטירט אַ באַזונדערן קוקװינקל׃ שאָר ברענגט אַרײַן דעם פּערספּיקטיוו פֿון אַ ייִדישן אימיגראַנט; ווײַסבערג — פֿון אַ הי־געבױרענער ייִדישקע; און סטעלאַ — פֿון אַן אַמעריקאַנער נישט־ייִד.
שאָר (1961-1904) איז געבױרן געװאָרן בײַ אַ חסידישער משפּחה אין זלאָטשאָוו, גאַליציע, און האָט אימיגרירט אין די פֿאַראײניקטע שטאַטן אין 1941. אין דער אויסשטעלונג געפֿינען זיך אַ פּאָר פֿון זײַנע אילוסטראַציעס פֿון The Earth Is the Lord’s — אַ פּאָפּולער בוך פֿון אַבֿרהם יהושע העשל פּובליקירט אױף ענגליש אין 1950. דאָס בוך פֿאַראײביקט דעם אָנדענק פֿון דער פֿאַרשװוּנדענער חסידישער װעלט, װאָס האָט געבליט במשך פֿון 200 יאָר אין מיזרח־אײראָפּע.
דזשעניפֿער מאַקאָמאַס, די אױסשטעלונגס־קוראַטאָרשע, האָט מיר דערצײלט אַז שאָרס אילוסטראַציעס רופֿן אַרױס טראַדיציאָנעלע פּאַפּירשניטן, װאָס ייִדן מאַכן שוין הונדערטער יאָרן לאַנג אין שײַכות מיטן יום־טובֿ שבֿועות. שאָר אַלײן האָט געשאַפֿן זילבערנע יודאַיִקאַ, אַזױ װי תּורה־קרױנען און קידוש־בעכערס, און זײַנע בילדער אין העשלס בוך באַװײַזן די השפּעה פֿון מעטאַל־װערק. די אילוסטראַציעס מאָלן אױס טעמעס אַזױ װי אַ רבֿ מיט אַ ספֿר־תּורה, מענער און ייִנגלעך װאָס טאַנצן עקסטאַטיש אין אַ שיל, און אַ ייִד װאָס לייגט תּפֿילין אױפֿן קעפּל פֿון זײַן קלײנעם זון. דאָ זעט מען שאָרס זכרונות פֿון דער פֿרומער חסידישער װעלט פֿון זײַנע קינדעריאָרן. די מאַסיװע, שװאַרץ־װײַסע פֿיגורן רופֿן אַרױס אַ פֿאַרשװוּנדן ייִראת־שמימדיק שטײגער לעבן.

רות װײַסבערג, וואָס איז געבױרן געװאָרן אין שיקאַגע אין 1942, האָט געטרױערט איבער אַ װעלט װאָס זי האָט נישט פּערזענלעך געקענט. אין 1971 האָט זי געשאַפֿן „דאָס שטעטל׃ אַ נסיעה און אַן אָנדענק“, אַ קינסטלערס בוך מיט נײַן בילדער װעגן דער אויסראָטונג פֿון מיזרח־אײראָפּעיִש ייִדיש לעבן. מאַקאָמאַס האָט מיר דערקלערט אַז װײַסבערג האָט זיך אינספּירירט פֿון אַ יזכּור־בוך געשאַפֿן פֿון איר באָבען פֿון דער מוטערס צד. „ווען זי האָט אַנטדעקט דאָס דאָזיקע יזכּור־בוך האָט עס ממש טראַנספֿאָרמירט איר לעבן און קונסט,“ האָט מאַקאָמאַס געזאָגט.
נאָך אַ װיכטיקער קװאַל פֿון ווײַסבערגס „שטעטל“ אַלבאָם איז געװען ביכער פֿאָטאָגראַפֿיעס פֿון פֿאַרמלחמהדיק ייִדיש לעבן ווי למשל „די פֿאַרשװוּנדענע װעלט“, אַ באַנד מיט 530 בילדער אַראָפּגענומען פֿון פֿאָטאָגראַפֿן װי ראָמאַן װישניאַק און אַלטער קאַציזנע, פּובליקירט פֿונעם פֿאָרװערטס־פֿאַרבאַנד אין 1947 (און װאָס איז אַלײן אין דער אױסשטעלונג). װישניאַקס „פּױלישע ייִדן׃ אַ בילדער-פּינקס“ פֿון 1947 האָט זי אױך אינספּירירט; װי אױך „הילצערנע שילן“, אַ פּױליש בוך פּובליקירט אױף ענגליש אין 1959, װעגן די אַלטע שילן װאָס זענען אַלע אָפּגעברענט געװאָרן פֿון די נאַציס. װײַסבערג האָט אָנגעהױבן מיט די דאָזיקע פֿאָטאָגראַפֿיעס און זײ איבערגעמאַכט.
למשל „נסיעה-1“ פֿון „שטעטל“ איז באַזירט אױף אַ פֿאָטאָ פֿון „הילצערנע שילן“. אַ שיל פֿאַרנעמט כּמעט דאָס גאַנצע בילד, אָבער ווערט געשילדערט װי אַ מיראַזש. דער הימל זעט אױס צעשמאָלצן פֿון פֿײַער אָדער פֿון אױפֿרײַסן. אין דער פֿאָדערגרונט איז דער דורכזעיִקער פֿיגור פֿון אַן עלטערער פֿרױ — אַ פּנים אַ פֿאַנטאָם אָדער געדעכעניש. לעבן איר שטײען עטלעכע שװאַרצע געשטאַלטן, אפֿשר פֿאַרברענטע בלומען אָדער שטעכלדראָט. אין „1938“ האָט װײַסבערג געניצט אַ פֿאָטאָגראַפֿיע פֿון װישניאַקס „פּױלישע ייִדן“. אין דער פֿאָטאָ גײן דרײַ מענער אין שװאַרצע מאַנטלען אין דער גאַס; אין װײַסבערגס באַאַרבעטונג זענען צװײ פֿון זײ נעלם געװאָרן. עס בלײַבט איבער נאָר דער שאָטנדיקער פֿיגור אױף די טרעפּ. עס האָט זיך שוין אָנגעהויבן די פֿאַרשװינדונג פֿון אַ פֿאָלק.
פֿראַנק סטעלאַ (2024-1936), אַ באַקאַנטער אַבסטראַקטער קינסטלער, איז געװען אַ קאַטױל פֿון מאַסאַטשוסעטס. מאַקאָמאַס האָט דערקלערט אַז דער ייִדישער אַרכיטעקט ריטשאַרד מײַער האָט געשאָנקען סטעלאַן אַן עקזעמפּלאַר פֿון „הילצערנע שילן“, װאָס האָט אינספּירירט סטעלאַס „פּױליש דאָרף“ סעריע פֿון 1974-1971 (נישט געקוקט אױפֿן װאָרט „פּױליש“ האָט סטעלאַ באַשטעטיקט אַז די װערק באַהאַנדלען צעשטערטע שילן). די סעריע באַשטײט פֿון 130 אַבסטראַקטע געאָמעטרישע געשטאַלטן. דאָ קען מען זען דאָס בילד „לונע“, װאָס איז אין דער אױסשטעלונג. לױט מעקאָמעסן רופֿן די הילצערנע פֿאָרעמס פֿון „פּױליש דאָרף“ אַרױס דאָס האָלץ פֿון די שילן, און די העלע קאָלירן דערמאָנען אין די פֿאַרביקע װאַנט־מאָלערײַען אינעװײניק.
די קונסטװערק פֿון שאָר, װײַסבערג און סטעלאַ היטן אױף דעם זכּרון פֿון אַ ברוטאַל פֿאַרטיליקטער קולטור, װאָס האָט געבליט אין מיזרח־אײראָפּע במשך פֿון הונדערטער יאָרן. „׳זכור׳ („געדענקט“) איז צװישן די יסוד־פּרינציפּן פֿון דער ייִדישער אמונה“, האָט מאַקאָמאַס געזאָגט. „די קינסטלער האַלטן מיט אָפּשײַ דעם דאָזיקן פּרינציפּ דורך קונסט. זײ מאַכן פֿאַר אומפֿאַרגעסלעך אַ װעלט װאָס איז כּמעט אָפּגעװישט געװאָרן.“
The post Exhibit: How the horror of the Holocaust impacted American artists appeared first on The Forward.
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Looming large over Israel’s 78th Independence Day celebrations: Argentina’s Javier Milei
(JTA) — During his three days in Israel this week, Argentinian President Javier Milei made a strong impression.
There he was, weeping again at the Western Wall. There he was, receiving the Presidential Medal of Honor for his leadership and support for Israel. And there he was, lighting a torch for the Independence Day festivities as the first foreign leader ever to do so.
There Milei was, grabbing a microphone and dancing raucously on stage to the Spanish-language song “Libre” at both the rehearsal for the national ceremony and the live event on Tuesday.
And there he was, ostensibly the reason that the far-right Israeli minister Itamar Ben-Gvir left the ceremony before it began. Ben-Gvir left after being asked to vacate his seat to make way for Milei, in an arrangement that some speculated was meant to prevent Ben-Gvir from being photographed in the same frame as Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
Milei’s presence in Israel Sunday through Tuesday offering a powerful symbol of his continued support for Israel even as so many other world leaders have distanced themselves. Milei is a longtime philosemite who has said he aims one day to convert to Judaism.
“In life there are partners and there are friends,” Milei said in Spanish during the Independence Day ceremony. “Partners come together for a moment of shared interest. Friends forge unbreakable bonds for life. I am pleased to say that Argentina and Israel are not merely partners, but friendly nations.”
The Independence Day ceremonies projected an image of resilience at a challenging time for Israel, where wars on two fronts are currently in ceasefires announced by U.S. President Donald Trump. Among the others chosen as torch-lighters, seen as one of Israel’s most significant honors, were soldiers who have participated in the years of war that followed Hamas’ Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel.
Two of the chosen torch-lighters drew sharp criticism. One was Rabbi Avraham Zarbiv, a rabbinical judge who has drawn scrutiny for publicly praising demolition operations in Gaza. In February, the Ombudsman of the Israeli Judiciary ruled that Zarbiv had violated a code of ethics by expressing his views on controversial issues.
“I light this torch in honor of the bulldozer and excavator operators, the trailblazers, destroyers of the enemy and the dismantlers of terrorist infrastructure who protect the lives of our soldiers,” he said at the ceremony.
A cousin of a woman killed in captivity also also denounced the selection of Gal Hirsch, Israel’s coordinator for hostages and missing persons, who faced calls for his resignation in February after telling Haaretz that demonstrations demanding the release of hostages were aiding Hamas. Gil Dickmann, a cousin of Carmel Gat, wrote in a post on Instagram that his selection was “spitting in the faces of families” of the hostages.
Last year, torchlighters for the ceremony included former Israeli hostage Emily Damari, NBA player Deni Avdija and the American Jewish conservative pundit Ben Shapiro, whose appointment was criticized by some Israeli leaders as inappropriately political.
The day’s official programming will end with a ceremony awarding the Israel Prize, the nation’s top civilian honor. Among those receiving the prize this year are the artist Yaacov Agam and Chantal Belzberg, the CEO of a nonprofit that aids the families of fallen soldiers.
Trump was also invited to receive the prize, getting a public invitation in February following an earlier announcement by Netanyahu. He will not be present.
This article originally appeared on JTA.org.
The post Looming large over Israel’s 78th Independence Day celebrations: Argentina’s Javier Milei appeared first on The Forward.
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Marx Brothers fans rejoice: There’s a recording of Harpo speaking
Harpo Marx’s wife, Susan Fleming, once remarked that, when you got him talking, you couldn’t shut him up.
The proof was there for those who chanced to see him in the 1930s and ‘40s, screening clips of the films he made with his brothers. If a crowd was good, he’d deliver what was known as “Red’s Speech,” a reference to the red wig he wore on stage.
The speech grew more verbose with each recitation, with input by Harpo’s friend, the critic Alexander Woollcott, a fount of $5 dollar words. It got so long, in fact, that Harpo would take it out in the form of a long script that spilled off the stage down the aisle.
“There’s always been this fallacy that Harpo never spoke on stage,” said Marx historian Robert S. Bader, author of Four of the Three Musketeers: The Marx Brothers on Stage and Zeppo: The Reluctant Marx Brother. When he did, he would often make a joke about the mute persona he adopted in 1914, opening his remarks with “as I was about to say in 1915.”
In 1964, Harpo was hitting the speaking circuit. He spoke at events for the United Jewish Appeal, having grown more connected to his Jewishness after a 1963 trip to Israel. On these occasions, Bader said, Harpo “might have looked like a local councilman, just wearing a business suit,” and would sneak in a line from his bar mitzvah speech: “For 13 long years, I have toiled and labored for your happiness.”
Advised to retire from performing after a number of heart attacks, Harpo reasoned that, so long as it was for charity and he didn’t get paid, it couldn’t count as work.
That rationale led to Harpo’s appearance at benefits for a number of symphony orchestras. On March 20, 1964, he gave his final performance at a concert for the Riverside Symphony Orchestra in California, playing a suite of songs about the moon, an original composition and conducting a particularly manic take on Haydn’s “Toy Symphony.”
This time, Harpo not only spoke, giving a lively recitation of Prokofiev’s Peter and the Wolf, he did something unprecedented by allowing himself to be recorded with the understanding the public might someday hear it.
On June 5, 2026 a record of the evening will be released as Harpo Speaks! The Riverside Symphony Concert. It was announced on April 1, but it was no April Fools joke. It’s an outstanding artifact, and it was discovered quite by accident.
John Tefteller, the foremost collector of rare, Marx-related records, was looking for a copy of a 1963 concert with Harpo and comedian-musician Allan Sherman, recorded by Sherman’s son Robert. Looking in the tape box for Pasadena, Sherman instead found the Riverside tape. Oddly enough, Robert Sherman had no memory of recording — or even attending — the Riverside concert.
Bill Marx, Harpo’s son and the arranger of much of his music, says the man on the recording, telling the tale of “Peeduh,” the “boid” and the “huntahs,” is the one he grew up with.
“It was very, very low key,” said Bill Marx, now a celebrated pianist and Juilliard-trained composer, recalling his father’s voice. “I think I would have to say that he was about five or six notes lower than Groucho’s. It was easy to hear him speak. I suppose you could call him soft-spoken. He rarely if ever raised his voice in our house with my two brothers and sisters.”
Instead, he would do something like wake his daughter in the middle of the night to play jacks.
Peter and the Wolf, written for young audiences, was a natural fit for Harpo, and it was his idea to do it. The version of the libretto, co-written by Harpo and Groucho, also features a topical joke for that election year of 1964: “Imagine the triumphant procession. Peeduh at the head, after him the huntahs leading the wolf, then Goldwatuh, Rockefelluh and Nixon.”
That Harpo was a patron of the symphony is no great surprise. He practiced the harp three hours a day and Bill Marx remembers his father’s love of French impressionist composers like Debussy and Ravel and Fauré. When Bill played records in his bedroom, without fail his father would knock on the door, ask what he was listening to, and commit to learning it — which he did.
“He just had a great learning thirst, and I had the privilege of watching this man appear in everybody’s life by doing things that he was compelled to do,” Bill Marx said.
As the narrator of Peter and the Wolf, Harpo is wonderfully expressive, evoking the storytelling of an old-time New York-born Zayde (dressed in his traditional costume at the concert, he donned a new accessory: reading glasses). He sounds quite a lot like Chico, his closest brother in age.
Restoring the tape took major work from audio restorer Joel Tefteller (John’s son) and audio engineer Nick Bergh. At one point, in his closing speech, Harpo walked away from the mic, making the original tape almost inaudible.
“He wasn’t used to looking for a microphone,” said Bader. “He didn’t have a lot of time in front of microphones. I don’t think anybody ever had to say ‘Harpo get closer to the microphone’ ever.”
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UCLA student government condemns campus Hillel for hosting former hostage
A campus event featuring freed Israeli hostage Omer Shem Tov drew the condemnation of UCLA’s student government on Tuesday. In an open letter, the UCLA Students Associated Council said that bringing Tov to speak to students “served to legitimize and normalize” atrocities in Gaza and Lebanon.
Shem Tov, 23, was kidnapped from the Nova music festival in Southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023, and held hostage in Gaza until his release in a prisoner exchange in February 2025. UCLA hosted him on April 14 for a Yom HaShoah event.
“While we affirm the humanity of all people impacted by violence, we reject the selective platforming of narratives that obscure the broader reality of ongoing state violence,” the student government letter wrote in the letter, which was addressed to the UCLA administration and UCLA Hillel among others. “Israel is currently continuing to carry out what has been widely identified by human rights advocates as a genocide in Gaza, while also expanding its illegal military campaign into Lebanon.
“In this context, elevating a single narrative, absent of critical political and humanitarian framing, serves to legitimize and normalize these ongoing atrocities.”
Rabbi Chaim Seidler-Feller, UCLA Hillel’s director emeritus, called the statement “completely ridiculous.”
“You can’t present the narrative of your experience without it being called ‘one sided,’” Seidler-Feller said. “There has to be a counter-story to persecution. Is there a counter-story to killing people?”
UCLA Hillel executive director Daniel Gold dismissed the criticism in Tuesday’s letter as antisemitic.
“Hillel at UCLA and Students Supporting Israel UCLA would like to apologize…for absolutely nothing,” he wrote in a statement. “Members of UCLA student government have once again shown they are anti-dialogue, anti-learning, anti-truth, anti-student and antisemitic.”
The USAC did not respond to a request for comment.
As college campuses across the country became a hotspot for pro-Palestinian activism following the Oct. 7 attack, UCLA, with an activist history and a large Jewish population, stood out as a major flashpoint. Its student encampment was the site of a riot in April 2024 and eventually cleared by police in riot gear.
The USAC has sided with pro-Palestinian protesters throughout. In a Feb. 2025 letter titled “We Are All SJP,” the USAC, which is democratically elected by the roughly 30,000-member UCLA student body, condemned Chancellor Julio Frenk’s suspension of Students for Justice in Palestine. The letter referred to Israel only as “the Zionist state” or put the country’s name inside quotation marks.
The University of California has since been sued by the Department of Justice, which said that UCLA created a hostile work environment against Jewish and Israeli faculty in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.
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