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Canada Issues First-Ever Jail Sentence for Holocaust Denial

A drone view of the “Arbeit macht frei” gate at the former Auschwitz concentration camp ahead of the 80th anniversary of its liberation, Oswiecim, Poland, Jan. 10, 2025. Photo: REUTERS/Kacper Pempel
Canada has handed down its first-ever jail sentence for Holocaust denial.
A court in North Bay, Ontario, sentenced Kenneth Paulin, 51, to nine months behind bars and two years of probation after finding him guilty of willfully promoting hatred against Jews and “condoning, denying, or downplaying the Holocaust.” Crown prosecutors confirmed that the ruling on Sept. 18 marked the first time in Canadian history that someone has received imprisonment specifically for denying the historical reality of the Nazi genocide against the Jewish people.
The conviction followed a seven-month investigation by the North Bay Police Service’s Criminal Investigation Section. Police said they launched the probe in November 2024 after receiving complaints about Paulin’s online posting. Following multiple warrants and a request to Ontario’s Attorney General for formal approval, law enforcement arrested and charged Paulin in June.
Authorities said his assortment of social media posts and videos targeted Jews with slurs, conspiracy theories, and calls to violence. He called Jews “demons” and said they are “to blame for every American who falls.” He condemned Jews as responsible for “almost 100 percent” of the world’s problems. He even called for a “Worldwide Jew Hunt” and said that “antisemitism is the only thing that can save the world.” In one video he titled “Their victim card gets permanently denied as the hollow-cost-Hoax is exposed” he mocked the Holocaust as a “hoax,” while another post read, “Six million didn’t happen, but it should’ve.”
In a community impact submission to the court, Jaime Kirzner-Roberts, senior director of policy and advocacy at the Friends of Simon Wiesenthal Center for Holocaust Studies (FSWC), described the content as “an orchestrated effort to spread hatred, to normalize antisemitism, and to encourage others to view Jews as enemies to be mocked, hunted, and destroyed.”
Kirzner-Roberts said that “the vile antisemitism we are confronting today has inflicted deep and lasting harm on Jewish Canadians, the minority group most frequently targeted by hate crimes in this country. But it’s important to note that such hatred does not end with Jews – it corrodes our democracy, emboldens extremists, and threatens the values that hold Canada together.”
The statement praised those who had investigated, charged, and prosecuted Paulin.
“We are grateful to police, the Attorney General, and Crown prosecutors for ensuring this precedent-setting case was pursued with the seriousness it deserves. We are also pleased that a jail sentence has been handed down, not only for the incitement of hatred against Jews, but also for the denial and glorification of the Holocaust,” Kirzner-Roberts stated. “By standing firmly against such hateful rhetoric, this ruling affirms that every Canadian deserves to live with dignity, safety and freedom, free from intimidation, dehumanization, and fear.”
The North Bay Police Service stressed that the case was a reflection of the impact that hate crimes can have on a community. Acting Deputy Chief Jeff Warner said the investigation demonstrated “the great work being done by the officers in our Criminal Investigation Section” and emphasized a commitment to “sending the message that hate has no place in today’s society.”
Canada’s Criminal Code has long criminalized the “willful promotion of hatred” under Section 319, but until recently it did not explicitly single out Holocaust denial. That changed in 2022, when the Canadian Parliament adopted Bill C-19, a budget law that added a new subsection, 319(2.1), making it a crime to “willfully promote antisemitism by condoning, denying, or downplaying the Holocaust.” The amendment carries a maximum of two years’ imprisonment.
The statute defines the Holocaust as “the planned and deliberate state-sponsored persecution and annihilation of European Jewry by the Nazis and their collaborators,” and applies to public communications outside private conversation.
With the new subsection, Canada joins a group of countries that explicitly outlaw Holocaust denial. In Germany, Section 130 of the criminal code (Volksverhetzung) makes denial, trivialization, or glorification of the Nazi genocide punishable by up to five years in prison. In France, the 1990 Gayssot Act criminalizes questioning crimes against humanity, including the Holocaust. Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Poland, and Romania are among the other countries with similar laws. A 2021 study by the European Parliament noted wide variation in enforcement but confirmed that the principle is well-established in Europe that Holocaust denial is not protected speech but a form of incitement.
Paulin’s conviction reflects the continued proliferation of Holocaust denial propaganda, which can often reflect the paradoxical sentiment of rejecting the historicity of the Nazis’ crimes against humanity, while simultaneously wishing they had occurred, as the convict revealed in his posting “Six million didn’t happen, but it should’ve.”
A UNESCO report in 2022 found that 16.2 percent of Holocaust-related content on major social media platforms involved denial or distortion. On fringe platforms, the proportion rose to 49 percent. The United Nations has warned that social media continues to amplify denial narratives, feeding extremist propaganda and violent ideologies.
In Canada, antisemitic hate crimes have spiked to new highs. According to an annual audit by B’nai Brith Canada, there were 5,791 incidents reported in 2023, with nearly half occurring online. Jews remain the religious minority most frequently targeted by hate crimes in the country.
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After False Dawns, Gazans Hope Trump Will Force End to Two-Year-Old War

Palestinians walk past a residential building destroyed in previous Israeli strikes, after Hamas agreed to release hostages and accept some other terms in a US plan to end the war, in Nuseirat, central Gaza Strip October 4, 2025. Photo: REUTERS/Mahmoud Issa
Exhausted Palestinians in Gaza clung to hopes on Saturday that US President Donald Trump would keep up pressure on Israel to end a two-year-old war that has killed tens of thousands and displaced the entire population of more than two million.
Hamas’ declaration that it was ready to hand over hostages and accept some terms of Trump’s plan to end the conflict while calling for more talks on several key issues was greeted with relief in the enclave, where most homes are now in ruins.
“It’s happy news, it saves those who are still alive,” said 32-year-old Saoud Qarneyta, reacting to Hamas’ response and Trump’s intervention. “This is enough. Houses have been damaged, everything has been damaged, what is left? Nothing.”
GAZAN RESIDENT HOPES ‘WE WILL BE DONE WITH WARS’
Ismail Zayda, 40, a father of three, displaced from a suburb in northern Gaza City where Israel launched a full-scale ground operation last month, said: “We want President Trump to keep pushing for an end to the war, if this chance is lost, it means that Gaza City will be destroyed by Israel and we might not survive.
“Enough, two years of bombardment, death and starvation. Enough,” he told Reuters on a social media chat.
“God willing this will be the last war. We will hopefully be done with the wars,” said 59-year-old Ali Ahmad, speaking in one of the tented camps where most Palestinians now live.
“We urge all sides not to backtrack. Every day of delay costs lives in Gaza, it is not just time wasted, lives get wasted too,” said Tamer Al-Burai, a Gaza City businessman displaced with members of his family in central Gaza Strip.
After two previous ceasefires — one near the start of the war and another earlier this year — lasted only a few weeks, he said; “I am very optimistic this time, maybe Trump’s seeking to be remembered as a man of peace, will bring us real peace this time.”
RESIDENT WORRIES THAT NETANYAHU WILL ‘SABOTAGE’ DEAL
Some voiced hopes of returning to their homes, but the Israeli military issued a fresh warning to Gazans on Saturday to stay out of Gaza City, describing it as a “dangerous combat zone.”
Gazans have faced previous false dawns during the past two years, when Trump and others declared at several points during on-off negotiations between Hamas, Israel and Arab and US mediators that a deal was close, only for war to rage on.
“Will it happen? Can we trust Trump? Maybe we trust Trump, but will Netanyahu abide this time? He has always sabotaged everything and continued the war. I hope he ends it now,” said Aya, 31, who was displaced with her family to Deir Al-Balah in the central Gaza Strip.
She added: “Maybe there is a chance the war ends at October 7, two years after it began.”
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Mass Rally in Rome on Fourth Day of Italy’s Pro-Palestinian Protests

A Pro-Palestinian demonstrator waves a Palestinian flag during a national protest for Gaza in Rome, Italy, October 4, 2025. Photo: REUTERS/Claudia Greco
Large crowds assembled in central Rome on Saturday for the fourth straight day of protests in Italy since Israel intercepted an international flotilla trying to deliver aid to Gaza, and detained its activists.
People holding banners and Palestinian flags, chanting “Free Palestine” and other slogans, filed past the Colosseum, taking part in a march that organizers hoped would attract at least 1 million people.
“I’m here with a lot of other friends because I think it is important for us all to mobilize individually,” Francesco Galtieri, a 65-year-old musician from Rome, said. “If we don’t all mobilize, then nothing will change.”
Since Israel started blocking the flotilla late on Wednesday, protests have sprung up across Europe and in other parts of the world, but in Italy they have been a daily occurrence, in multiple cities.
On Friday, unions called a general strike in support of the flotilla, with demonstrations across the country that attracted more than 2 million, according to organizers. The interior ministry estimated attendance at around 400,000.
Italy’s right-wing government has been critical of the protests, with Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni suggesting that people would skip work for Gaza just as an excuse for a longer weekend break.
On Saturday, Meloni blamed protesters for insulting graffiti that appeared on a statue of the late Pope John Paul II outside Rome’s main train station, where Pro-Palestinian groups have been holding a protest picket.
“They say they are taking to the streets for peace, but then they insult the memory of a man who was a true defender and builder of peace. A shameful act committed by people blinded by ideology,” she said in a statement.
Israel launched its Gaza offensive after Hamas terrorists staged a cross border attack on October 7, 2023, killing some 1,200 people and taking 251 people hostage.
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Hamas Says It Agrees to Release All Israeli Hostages Under Trump Gaza Plan

Smoke rises during an Israeli military operation in Gaza City, as seen from the central Gaza Strip, October 2, 2025. Photo: REUTERS/Dawoud Abu Alkas
Hamas said on Friday it had agreed to release all Israeli hostages, alive or dead, under the terms of US President Donald Trump’s Gaza proposal, and signaled readiness to immediately enter mediated negotiations to discuss the details.