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In a shift, Hebrew College will now admit and ordain rabbinical students whose partners are not Jewish
(JTA) — Hebrew College will begin admitting and ordaining rabbinical students in interfaith relationships, according to new admissions standards revealed on Tuesday.
The decision makes the pluralistic seminary outside of Boston the second major rabbinical school in the United States to do away with rules barring students from dating or marrying non-Jews. The Reconstructionist Rabbinical Seminary was the first to do so in 2015.
Hebrew College’s decision comes as rabbinical schools compete over a shrinking pool of applicants and after decades of rising rates of intermarriage among American Jews.
Rabbi Sharon Cohen Anisfeld, Hebrew College’s president, announced the policy change in an email to students and graduates on Tuesday evening. She said the decision, which followed a year and a half of review, came amid a broad revision of the seminary’s “guiding principles for admission and ordination.”
Those new guiding principles were published on the admissions page of Hebrew College’s website late Tuesday, replacing different language that had included the partner policy. “We do not admit or ordain rabbinical students with non-Jewish partners,” the page had previously said, adding that applicants whose partners were in the process of converting would be considered.
“This is a really exciting moment for Jewish communities everywhere,” said Jodi Bromberg, the CEO of 18Doors, a Jewish nonprofit that supports interfaith families. “We all will get to benefit from Jewish leaders in interfaith relationships who have been sidelined from major seminaries up to now.”
Hebrew College has set aside time on Wednesday for its roughly 80 rabbinical students and others to process their reactions about the change, which Anisfeld had previously said she expected to be intense no matter the decision. She declined to comment late Tuesday, saying that she was focused on communication with members of her community.
“This has not been a simple process and, in addition to the strong feelings raised by the policy itself, there have been complex feelings about various stages of the process we’ve undertaken over the past year,” Anisfeld wrote in a message to students in October, in a series of emails obtained by the Jewish Telegraphic Agency.
Hebrew College’s policy change reflects a longstanding and sometimes painful dynamic in American Jewish life: While nearly three-quarters of non-Orthodox Jews who married in the last decade did so to non-Jews, few traditional rabbinical schools have been willing to train or ordain rabbis in interfaith relationships. Their policies have roots in Jewish law, known as halacha, which prohibits marriages between Jews and non-Jews. But they also reflect anxiety among American Jewish leaders over whether high rates of intermarriage threaten the future of Judaism, and whether rabbis must model traditional practices in their families.
At Hebrew College, which launched its rabbinical school 20 years ago, the prohibition against interfaith relationships had been the only admissions requirement rooted in Jewish law beyond the rule that applicants must be considered Jewish according to at least one Jewish movement. There was no requirement that rabbinical students keep kosher or observe Shabbat.
When the school’s leadership first solicited feedback from students a year ago, several took aim at what they said was hypocrisy in the approach to Jewish law.
“This is the one area of students’ halachic life where I am acutely aware that the school does not trust us, does not think we are capable of navigating our own personal lives, and does not believe that the choices we may make for ourselves have the capacity to expand and enrich our Jewish practice,” wrote one student, according to a collection of anonymous comments shared among students at the time.
A chuppah at a Jewish wedding. More than 60% of American Jews who have married in the last decade have done so to non-Jewish partners, according to a 2021 study from the Pew Research Center. That proportion rises to nearly 75% for non-Orthodox American Jews. (Scott Rocher via Flickr Commons)
Most of the 15 comments that students and graduates shared with their peers called for doing away with the ban on interfaith student relationships, often citing the benefits of having Hebrew College-ordained rabbis reflect the families they are likely to serve.
“We should be training rabbis for the Jewish community that exists and that we want to cultivate, not the one we wish existed or that existed in the past,” one student wrote. “Having intermarried rabbis could do a lot of good: perhaps having role models for a fulfilling, active, intermarried Jewish can help people feel welcomed, not just grudgingly tolerated after the fact — and can increase the likelihood that those intermarried couples want to raise Jewish children.”
Several students and graduates wrote that the policy as it stood incentivized students to obscure their relationships, denying them dignity and preventing their mentors and teachers from fully supporting them. Several suggested that prohibiting students in interfaith partnerships could have a disproportionate effect on queer Jews and Jews of color.
At least one person argued against changing the policy, instead suggesting that the school strengthen enforcement and clarify expectations about other Jewish practices and values.
“By changing the policy Hebrew College is sending the message to the Jewish world that love-based marriages are more sacred than the covenant with which we made at Sinai,” that student wrote, referring to the moment in Jewish tradition when God first spoke to the Israelites. “However, by not changing the policy Hebrew College is affirming that students learn the art of lying. Therefore, my suggestion is to keep the policy but change the ethics on how it is enforced.”
Those comments followed a two-day workshop, facilitated by experts in conflict resolution, about the policy a year ago. The experience was challenging for many of those in attendance, according to the student comments.
“The pain of the need to hide was on full display during Winter Seminar, and I found myself wondering if I could remain in a community whose first response was anything other than to seek healing for the hurt that the policy has inflicted,” one wrote at the time.
With tensions high, an initial deadline to decide whether to keep the policy came and went last June. In late October, Anisfeld wrote to students with an update. A special committee including both rabbinic and academic faculty members had been meeting regularly since July, she said, and would be presenting their recommendation by the end of January.
Last week, she said in her message to students and graduates on Tuesday, Hebrew College’s board approved the policy change and admissions principles revisions.
The decision could renew pressure on other rabbinical schools amid steep competition for students. Several non-traditional rabbinical schools that do not have a requirement about the identities of students’ spouses have grown in recent years, while Hebrew College; the Reform movement’s Hebrew Union College; and the Jewish Theological Seminary and the Ziegler School of Rabbinic Studies in the Conservative movement all shrunk. Hebrew College recently completed a move to a shared campus after selling its building under financial duress.
“We continue to hear from folks who want to be rabbis and up until this moment had really limited choices,” said Bromberg. “I can’t help but think that this will have a really positive impact on the enrollment in Hebrew College’s rabbinic program.”
The pressure could be especially acute for Hebrew Union College, the Reform seminary with three campuses in the United States. (Because of declining enrollment, the school is phasing out its Cincinnati program.) HUC does not admit or ordain students in interfaith relationships, even though the Reform movement, which does not consider halacha to be binding, permits its rabbis to officiate at intermarriages and to be intermarried themselves.
That policy, which the movement reaffirmed after extensive debate in 2014, has drawn resentment and scorn from some who say it is the only thing holding them back from pursuing Reform ordination.
“All my life, my community had told me that no matter who you are or who you love, you are equal in our community and according to the Divine. But now it feels like I’ve been betrayed, lied to, misled,” Ezra Samuels, an aspiring rabbinical student in a queer relationship with a non-Jewish man, wrote on Hey Alma in 2020, expanding on a viral Twitter thread.
But even the Conservative movement, which bars rabbis from officiating at intermarriages and only recently began permitting members of its rabbinical association to attend intermarriages, is grappling openly with how to balance Jewish law and tradition against the reality around interfaith relationships.
The movement recently held a series of online meetings for members of its Rabbinical Assembly to discuss intermarriage, sparking rumors that the movement could be headed toward policy changes. That’s not the case, according to movement leaders — though they say other shifts may be needed.
“There are no proposals at present to change our standard,” said Rabbi Jacob Blumenthal, the CEO of the RA and United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism, the movement’s congregational arm. “But there is a conversation about what are the ways that we can provide more pastoral guidance to colleagues, especially around moments of marriage.”
The Pew study found new high rates of intermarriage in the Jewish community. (iStock/Getty Images)
Keren McGinity, the USCJ’s interfaith specialist, previously directed the Interfaith Families Engagement Program, a now-defunct part of Hebrew College’s education school. She declined to comment on the internal conversations underway within the Conservative movement. But in 2015, she argued in an op-ed that the Jewish world would benefit from more rabbis who were intermarried.
“Seeing rabbis — who have committed their careers, indeed their lives to Judaism — intermarry, create Jewish homes and raise Jewish children should convincingly illustrate how intermarriage does not inhibit Jewish involvement,” she wrote, citing her research on intermarried couples.
That argument got a boost two years ago, when a major survey of American Jews found that most children of intermarried couples were being raised Jewish. And on Tuesday, McGinity said she was glad to hear that Hebrew College was dropping its partner requirement, which she said she knew had caused students to leave the program in the past.
“The decision to admit rabbinical students who have beloveds of other faith backgrounds is a tremendous way of leading in the 21st century, illustrating that interpartnered Jews can be exemplars of Jewish leaders,” she said.
She added, “Knowing my colleagues, I can only imagine the hours and hours of thought that went into this decision.”
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Israel Shores Up Air Defenses, Expected to Hit Iran Launchers Early to Ease Stockpile Strain
An Israeli air defense system intercepts a ballistic missile barrage launched from Iran to central Israel during the missile attack, June 20, 2026. Photo: Eli Basri / SOPA Images via Reuters Connect
Israel is slated to spend billions shoring up its air defenses against another Iranian missile campaign, and with dwindling interceptor stockpiles a subject of speculation and growing concern, missile-defense experts say the next round of escalation would likely place more weight on offensive action.
With the prospect of another confrontation on the horizon as negotiations between the US and Iran look increasingly unstable, the debate over the volume and price of interceptors in a major exchange has resurfaced. During the 12-day war in June, Israeli media reported that in some cases the Air Force did not intercept Iranian missiles because of limitations in interceptor availability — allegations the defense establishment has denied.
Missile-defense analyst Tal Inbar said while Israel keeps its remaining interceptor inventory and replenishment pace a secret, domestic production levels have ramped up significantly since June.
Still, he said Israel drew lessons from the war and has adopted “adaptive tactics,” including putting more emphasis on early strikes designed to cut the number of missiles that need to be intercepted.
“There is an ongoing operation, if a war starts, to find and hit the launchers in Iran,” he told The Algemeiner. “Every missile that we can destroy over Iran is one less missile that we have to intercept, so we won’t deplete our interceptor arsenal.”
Israel’s air defenses range from Iron Dome, built for short-range rockets such as those fired from Gaza and Lebanon, to David’s Sling for medium-range threats and the Arrow systems for long-range ballistic missiles such as those launched from Iran, a distance of nearly 1,000 miles. Iron Dome interceptors are generally estimated to cost in the tens of thousands of dollars, while Arrow interceptors can run into the millions per unit, meaning a sustained Iranian barrage could translate into billions of dollars in defensive fire.
US defenses face their own resupply strain after multiyear demand tied in part to Ukraine. Aegis-equipped US ships have also been intercepting missiles and drones over the Red Sea, adding to demand for US interceptors. For example, during the 12-day war, THAAD batteries in the region fired more than 150 interceptors in under two weeks, about a quarter of the system’s lifetime production. The Pentagon has since moved to expand interceptor output across multiple systems as well as THAAD, including Patriot and SM-3.
According to a Wall Street Journal report published over the course of the war, both the US and Israel’s anti-ballistic Arrow system were running low on interceptors.
Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) said it had increased production. Arrow-4, which is set to replace Arrow-2 for within-atmosphere interceptions, is also in the latter stages of development and is scheduled for deployment in the coming months, IAI CEO Boaz Levy said last week, “increasing Israel’s interception success rates.” Arrow-3 is “exo-atmospheric,” designed to engage ballistic missiles outside the atmosphere.
Advisers to US President Donald Trump have privately pushed for Israel to strike Iran ahead of any US action, Politico reported on Thursday, citing two people familiar with the discussions, with one saying “the politics are a lot better if the Israelis go first.”
US Vice President JD Vance said Thursday there was “no chance” a strike against Iran would turn into a protracted war, the Washington Post reported.
USS Gerald R. Ford, the world’s largest aircraft carrier, arrived at Israel’s coast on Friday.
Israel has also been preparing for the likelihood that Hezbollah, the Iran-backed terrorist group in Lebanon, would join any confrontation. Over the past week the Israeli military has intensified strikes on Hezbollah-linked operatives and infrastructure, including launch sites and weapons stockpiles, as part of an effort to weaken the Iranian proxy group’s ability to join the Islamic Republic in a war. Twelve senior operatives were killed this month alone, Israel’s Channel 12 reported.
According to Inbar, who is a senior research fellow at the Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance, the cost to Iran as the attacker is far lower per unit, creating an economic asymmetry that becomes more consequential the longer a barrage lasts. “Almost every time, an interceptor costs more than the missile that you want to intercept,” he said. “Defense is much more expensive than offense.”
Still, he cautioned that the comparison ignores the damage prevented by interceptors. “You cannot compare the price of the Arrow 3 to you losing a hospital or a power plant.”
The latest round of US-Iran diplomacy produced conflicting assessments, with mediator Oman saying there was “significant progress” during Thursday’s talks in Geneva while the Journal reported that the sides were “still far apart on key issues.”
In comments published Friday, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas said any deal would require Washington to drop “excessive demands.”
Meanwhile, Hebrew-language media cited unnamed senior officials as saying that a US strike was once again starting to look more probable in the coming days. US Central Command chief Navy Adm. Brad Cooper briefed Trump on Thursday on potential military options against Iran, according to ABC news.
The US on Friday authorized “non-emergency” staffers at its embassy in Jerusalem to leave the country citing “safety risks.”
On February 27, 2026, the Department of State authorized the departure of non-emergency U.S. government personnel and family members of U.S. government personnel from Mission Israel due to safety risks.
In response to security incidents and without advance notice, the U.S.… pic.twitter.com/aWzX6Gk36x
— U.S. Embassy Jerusalem (@usembassyjlm) February 27, 2026
Also on Friday, Canada urged its citizens to “leave Iran now,” warning that hostilities could start with “no warning.”
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Popular Right-Wing YouTuber Under Fire After Supporting Probe to ‘Expose’ Jewish ‘Invasion’ of New Jersey
Nick Shirley speaks during a roundtable on antifa, an anti-fascist movement US President Donald Trump designated a domestic “terrorist organization” via executive order on Sept. 22, at the White House in Washington, DC, US, Oct. 8, 2025. Photo: REUTERS/Evelyn Hockstein
American social media personality Nick Shirley, a 23-year-old YouTuber known for his controversial investigative videos, has drawn scrutiny after endorsing a “documentary” about a supposed “Jewish invasion.”
Shirley reposted a message from fellow content creator Tyler Oliveira promoting a 73-minute video claiming to expose a “Jewish invasion” of New Jersey. Oliveira also included a graphic appearing to show Orthodox Jews causing destruction and threatening non-Jews.
In his repost on the X social media platform, Shirley wrote “EXPOSE IT ALL,” a phrase that drew attention over his apparent call to target New Jersey’s Jewish community.
EXPOSE IT ALL
— Nick shirley (@nickshirleyy) February 25, 2026
The endorsement came one day after Shirley attend the 2026 State of the Union address as the guest of Republican US Rep. Pete Stauber of Minnesota.
The “documentary” itself focuses on a narrative about Orthodox Jewish communities in New Jersey, including local disputes over welfare and land use. In the film, Oliviera depicts the state’s Jewish community as exploiting the legal system to divert funding from public schools to private Jewish schools and using political leverage to exploit the local non-Jewish community.
Oliveria has an extensive video library in which he posts lengthy documentaries characterizing the presence of local minority communities as “invasions.” In January, he posted a 22-minute video detailing the supposed “invasion” of Indian immigrants into Canada.
Shirley, a popular right-wing political commentator and self-described investigative journalist, first gained widespread attention in late 2025 after posting a video alleging widespread fraud at Somali-run childcare centers and similar facilities in Minnesota. The video, which received millions of views on social media, led to national debate and political action including the temporary suspension of certain federal funding.
Upon the release of the investigation, Shirley’s national profile surged dramatically. His video was shared by Elon Musk and US Vice President JD Vance.
“This dude has done far more useful journalism than any of the winners of the 2024 @pulitzercenter prizes,” Vance wrote on X while sharing the video.
Despite the video’s viral success, independent factchecking and state agency records later showed that elements of Shirley’s Minnesota report were either incorrect or lacked sufficient evidence for the claims he made. At least two of the Minnesota facilities featured in his video had been closed for some time, and state officials have not confirmed the specific fraud allegations presented in the video.
Unlike the video focused on Minnesota, the video featuring Jewish families did not uncover any systemic pattern of fraudulent activity, raising questions over the motive of the purported investigation.
Shirley’s call to “expose” the Jewish community of New Jersey comes at a time when, according to recent polling, young Republicans have increasingly embraced antisemitism and conspiracy theories.
Earlier this month, for example, a new survey by Irwin Mansdorf, a fellow at the Jerusalem Center for Security and Foreign Affairs, and Charles Jacobs, president of the Jewish Leadership Project, found that 45 percent of Republicans under the age of 44 said Jews pose a threat to the “American way of life.”
In December, the Manhattan Institute, a prominent US-based think tank, released a major poll showing that younger Republican voters are much less supportive of Israel and more likely to express antisemitic views than their older cohorts.
According to the data, 25 percent of Republicans under 50 openly express antisemitic views as opposed to just 4 percent over the age of 50.
Startlingly, a substantial amount, 37 percent, of GOP voters indicate belief in Holocaust denialism. These figures are more pronounced among young men under 50, with a majority, 54 percent, agreeing that the Holocaust “was greatly exaggerated or did not happen as historians describe.” Among men over 50, 41 percent agree with the sentiment.
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Jewish Advocacy Groups Sue California Over K-12 Antisemitism
Students from Encinal High School and St. Joseph Notre Dame High School in Alameda, California, participating in anti-Israel demonstration on Jan 26. 2024: Photo: Michael Ho Wai Lee / SOPA Images via Reuters Connect
A coalition of leading Jewish advocacy organizations is suing the state of California for allegedly failing to address “systemic” antisemitic discrimination in K-12 public schools.
Led by the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and StandWithUs, the legal action stems from consecutive years of antisemitic abused perpetrated against Jewish students, parents, and teachers by anti-Zionists at every level of the school system. Court documents shared with The Algemeiner earlier this week revealed new, harrowing accusations of Jews being called “k—kes,” Jewish students being threatened with gang assaults, and K-12 students chanting “F—k the Jews” during anti-Israel demonstrations promoted by faculty.
In one highly disturbing incident described in the legal complaint, fifth graders from the Oakland Unified School District were filmed by the teacher saying “Another major thing that I’ve learned is that the Jews, the people who took over, basically just stole the Palestinians’ land” and “one thing that’s really surprising to me, and that appeals to me is that the US is helping the Jews.” In another incident, the Oakland Education Association confected a curriculum in which the intifada — two prolonged periods of terrorism in which Palestinians murdered Israeli civilians — was taught to third graders as a nursery rhyme.
“The California education system is teaching the state’s children that Jewish Americans and Israelis are racists, white supremacists, oppressors, and baby-killers who should be shunned,” Brandeis Center chairman and former US assistant secretary of education for civil rights Kenneth Marcus said in a statement on Thursday. “The result is not surprising: Jewish children and children perceived as Jewish are bullied and excluded by their peers and harassed by their teachers, who silence, mock, and even segregate them if they speak out. School officials have done little or nothing at all to help these children.”
Litigation related to antisemitic incidents in California K-12 schools surged following Hamas’s Oct. 7, 2023, massacre across southern Israel, which triggered a barrage of antisemitic hate crimes throughout the US and the world. The list of outrages includes a student group chanting “Kill the Jews” during an anti-Israel protest and partisan activists smuggling far-left, anti-Zionist content into classrooms without clearing the content with parents and other stakeholders.
Elsewhere in California, K-12 antisemitism has caused severe psychological trauma to Jewish students as young as eight years old and fostered a hostile learning environment, according to complaints
In the Berkeley United School District (BUSD), teachers have allegedly used their classrooms to promote antisemitic stereotypes about Israel, weaponizing disciplines such as art and history to convince unsuspecting minors that Israel is a “settler-colonial” apartheid state committing a genocide of Palestinians. While this took place, high level BUSD officials were accused of ignoring complaints about discrimination and tacitly approving hateful conduct even as it spread throughout the student body.
At Berkeley High School, for example, a history teacher forced students to explain why Israel is an apartheid state and screened an anti-Zionist documentary, according to a lawsuit filed last year by the Brandeis Center and the Anti-Defamation League (ADL). The teacher allegedly squelched dissent, telling a Jewish student who raised concerns about the content of her lessons that only anti-Zionist narratives matter in her classroom and that any other which argues that Israel isn’t an apartheid state is “laughable.” Elsewhere in the school, an art teacher, whose name is redacted from the complaint for matters of privacy, displayed anti-Israel artworks in his classroom, one of which showed a fist punching through a Star of David.
In September 2023, the Brandeis Center, along with the ADL and the American Jewish Committee (AJC), sued the Santa Clara Unified School District (SCUSD) in California for concealing from the public its adoption of ethnic studies curricula containing antisemitic and anti-Zionist themes. Then last February, the school district paused implementation of the program to settle the lawsuit. One month later, the Brandeis Center, StandWithUs, and the ADL filed a civil rights complaint accusing the Etiwanda School District in San Bernardino County, California, of doing nothing after a 12-year-old Jewish girl was assaulted, having been beaten with stick, on school grounds and teased with jokes about Adolf Hitler.
“Jews consistently are being targeted with hostility because of who they are, including in California and particularly in K-12 public schools. This lawsuit seeks to remedy that,” StandWithUs chief executive officer Roz Rothstein said in Thursday’s press release. “It is imperative that California K-12 schools not be co-opted by those seeking to indoctrinate students into antisemitic hate. However, Jewish students and parents indicate that this is precisely what is happening in California. Shockingly, those tasked with enforcing non-discrimination laws in our schools have failed to intervene effectively to put a stop to this growing problem.”
She added, “This lawsuit was necessitated by that systemic failure and seeks to ensure, going forward, that California’s Jewish students are protected and have access to an education free from discrimination.”
Follow Dion J. Pierre @DionJPierre.