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Wikipedia’s ‘Supreme Court’ tackles alleged conspiracy to distort articles on Holocaust
(JTA) — When a pair of professors earlier this month published a paper accusing a group of Wikipedia editors from Poland of revising articles to distort the history of the Holocaust, their research went viral.
Most academic articles are seen by dozens or hundreds of people at best. This one, published in The Journal of Holocaust Research, hit more than 27,000 pageviews within weeks.
The paper’s reach was fueled by its analysis, unprecedented in the academic literature on Wikipedia, and its finding that a dedicated group has for some 15 years manipulated a source of information used by millions in ways that lay blame for the Holocaust on Jews and absolve Poland of almost any responsibility for its record of antisemitism.
The paper caught the eye of not just scholars and journalists but of the people in charge of resolving disputes over editing on crowd-sourced Wikipedia, the seventh-most popular website on the internet and one that is seen as the last bastion of shared truth in an ever-fracturing online environment.
Typically, disputes among Wikipedia editors are resolved through community consensus mechanisms, but occasionally those mechanisms fail and allegations are brought to Wikipedia’s Arbitration Committee, a panel of elected editors known as Wikipedia’s Supreme Court.
“Wikipedia is not exactly democratic but anarchistic in a way that actively discourages any sort of an authority coming to solve a dispute,” said Joe Roe, a veteran Wikipedia editor who served on the committee in 2019 and 2020. “The Arbitration Committee is a very limited exception.”
In this case, something especially unusual happened. The Arbitration Committee, or ArbCom, decided to look into the allegations without receiving a formal request to do so. No one could recall the committee taking such a step in its nearly two decades of existence.
“A myopic decision here could result in untold numbers of people being fed a distorted view of Jewish/WWII history, which could have very real consequences given the recent amplification of violently antisemitic rhetoric by mainstream public figures,” wrote a user named SamX in a public post about the case. “ArbCom needs to get this right.”
The article that triggered the opening of the case was published under the title, “Wikipedia’s Intentional Distortion of the History of the Holocaust.” It accused 11 current and former editors of intentional distortions to numerous articles relating to the Holocaust in Poland. The paper referred to the editors by their usernames but also provided their real names if they had publicly identified themselves on Wikipedia message boards.
“Due to this group’s zealous handiwork, Wikipedia’s articles on the Holocaust in Poland minimize Polish antisemitism, exaggerate the Poles’ role in saving Jews, insinuate that most Jews supported Communism and conspired with Communists to betray Poles, blame Jews for their own persecution, and inflate Jewish collaboration with the Nazis,” wrote co-authors Jan Grabowski, a historian at the University of Ottawa, and Shira Klein of the history department at Chapman University in Orange, California.
Normally, mistakes on Wikipedia, whether intentional or not, can be quickly fixed by experienced editors who deploy a set of rules regarding sourcing and style. But in this case, the alleged distortionists know Wikipedia’s mechanisms well enough to at least appear to follow the rules and are willing to spend time arguing with other editors who step in to intervene. It becomes harder to get to the truth because they work to discredit established historians and prop up fringe voices to create the semblance of a real-world debate over historical events, according to the article.
In one of the dozens of examples documented in the study, the alleged distortionists have tried to pass the self-published work of an antisemitic Polish writer named Ewa Kurek as a reliable source. Kurek has said that COVID-19 is a cover for an attempt by Jews to take over Europe and that Jews enjoyed life in Nazi ghettos. An editor named Volunteer Marek argued in a backstage conversation among editors that Kurek should be cited as any “mainstream scholar” would be. And another editor, working on an article about a 1941 massacre of Jews in Poland, added Kurek’s claim that minimized the number of Jewish victims and exonerated Polish perpetrators.
Jewish school children pose for a portrait in the 1930s in Wizna, near Jedwabne, Poland. New research revealed that members of the Polish community killed their Jewish neighbors on July 10, 1941 during World War ll despite previous claims that Nazi Germans were entirely responsible. Polish President Aleksander Kwasniewski apologized for the massacre of hundreds of Jews by their neighbors during ceremonies marking the 60th anniversary of the murders. (Laski Diffusion/Getty Images)
One thing the research didn’t discuss is what motivates these editors to invest so much time and effort into distorting Wikipedia. Klein said the omission was deliberate.
“We’ve been very careful not to make any assumptions on what drives them or what their politics are,” Klein said. “Instead, we’ve tried to focus just on what they’ve done, which is in the written record. And as we say in the article, we don’t see any evidence of them being tied to a government or being in the service of anyone else.”
Klein’s disclaimer obliquely points to a larger challenge around the historical record of the Holocaust in Poland. A central tenet of the country’s ruling Law and Justice party is defending the image of ethnic Poles and imposing nationalist narratives on the past, especially the period of World War II. While history shows that many Poles participated in the persecution of Jews, Poland’s nationalist right insists on portraying Poles only as victims or heroes.
In 2018, the Polish government passed what’s known as the Polish Holocaust Law, which makes it illegal to slander the Polish nation or blame the country for Nazi crimes. In practice, the law has served to censor scholars and chill debate.
Grabowski, Klein’s co-author on the paper, has for years sparred with the nationalist right over Poland’s historical memory. He sued a Polish group that accused him of publishing lies about Polish history in 2018, and in 2021 was ordered by a Polish court to apologize for his research before an appeals court ultimately overturned the order.
Domestically, Poland’s ultranationalists have largely won the war over the public discourse, which has freed them to focus on the global scene, where English-language Wikipedia is regarded as a major battlefront.
In this atmosphere, even something as basic as the background of Yiddish novelist and Nobel prize laureate Isaac Bashevis Singer can become fodder for debate. For years, Singer was at the center of a fight between two editors over whether Singer was best described in the first line of his Wikipedia article as a Jewish or Polish author. The eventual compromise — “Polish-born Jewish American” — lasted for almost two years until Feb. 23 when someone again dropped the “Jewish.”
The Wikipedia editors now being accused of distorting articles to further nationalist narratives have rejected the allegations against them.
“I have not engaged in any ‘Holocaust distortion,’ on Wikipedia or anywhere else. I am not a ‘right-wing Polish nationalist,’” said Volunteer Marek in a public comment on a Wikipedia message board that was endorsed by at least one other alleged distortionist. “I am not part of some nefarious ‘Polish conspiracy’ on Wikipedia which seeks to manipulate content. All of these accusations are ridiculous and absurd. They are particularly disgusting and vile since they go against everything I believe in.”
In the debate about how to handle the case, dozens of arbitrators and ordinary Wikipedia editors — all volunteers — spoke of the situation on a Wikipedia message board as something close to an existential crisis for Wikipedia. Not only was the website accused of being used to spread antisemitic propaganda, but it was also alleged to be vulnerable to large-scale manipulation by a small group of bad-faith actors.
There is little confidence in the community that a solution is within reach. By its own rules, the committee isn’t supposed to decide on disputed information. It’s more of a disciplinary body that evaluates the behavior of Wikipedia editors and can ultimately decide whether to restrict their editing privileges or ban them outright.
But figuring out if the accused editors have indeed evaded safeguards and undermined Wikipedia’s integrity would seem to require that the arbitrators become experts on the history of the Holocaust in Poland.
The decision to take up the case serves to acknowledge that the committee failed to solve the problem when it last considered complaints about editing related to the Holocaust in Poland about two years ago. That was during Roe’s tenure and he says the committee was distracted by another dispute at the time.
“It can’t be escalated further than it already has in our mechanisms,” Roe said. “The best we can do is what’s currently happening now — just put it through those mechanisms again, and hope that something better will come out on the other side.”
In explaining why the committee must nevertheless take on the case, an arbitrator who goes by Wugapodes commented that the only other choice is to kick the can down the road.
“This will not be an easy issue to resolve, but the committee was not convened to solve easy issues,” Wugapodes wrote, pointing out that the timing is right given the attention and involvement of outside experts and editors. “We can leverage these resources now or wait for this decade-long problem to get still worse.”
By a vote of nine to one on Feb. 13, the committee decided to open the case. The proceedings, which start with an evidence-gathering phase, are expected to last up to six weeks, after which they can decide to ban and restrict offending editors.
Beyond that, an unorthodox last resort option is also available. Wikipedia’s so-called Supreme Court could ask for help from an even higher authority: the Wikimedia Foundation, a nonprofit that owns the encyclopedia. The foundation intervened in 2021 in what some see as a similar scenario of a far-right takeover on the Croatian-language Wikipedia, hiring an outside expert to disentangle the web of obfuscation and banning a set of editors.
Roe said that his tenure on the committee in 2019 and 2020, which featured related complaints about the editing of articles on the Holocaust in Poland, helped lead him to believe that Wikipedia should embrace change, at least when it comes to controversial political topics.
“I would like to see these difficult and politically charged content problems be referred to a new body made up of external experts, and that we don’t insist on doing everything internally among the community volunteers,” Roe said.
But he acknowledged that such a scenario is unlikely to result from the Poland dispute.
“It’s not a popular view and it kind of goes against the general idea of Wikipedia,” he said.
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The post Wikipedia’s ‘Supreme Court’ tackles alleged conspiracy to distort articles on Holocaust appeared first on Jewish Telegraphic Agency.
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Israel Continues to Kill Key Iranian Officials as Netanyahu Says Iran Can No Longer Build Missiles, Enrich Uranium
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu speaks during a press conference, amid the US-Israel conflict with Iran, in Jerusalem, March 19, 2026. Photo: REUTERS/Ronen Zvulun/Pool
Israel continued its efforts to kill key Iranian officials and destabilize the regime on Friday, one day after Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu praised what he described as the military’s unprecedented achievements three weeks into the war.
The Israeli military said on Friday it killed Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) spokesperson Ali Mohammad Naini in an overnight airstrike against regime targets across the Iranian capital of Tehran.
“Naini disseminated the regime’s terrorist propaganda to its proxies across the Middle East,” the military said, describing him as a central figure in messaging tied to attacks against Israel.
Kasra Aarabi, director of IRGC research at United Against Nuclear Iran, described Naini’s death as “a significant blow to the regime’s psychological warfare and propaganda operations — an increasingly central pillar of the IRGC’s current war strategy.”
Iranian state media had reported his death earlier in the day.
The Israeli military also announced on Friday that, two days ago, it killed a key, senior commander in Iran’s intelligence ministry, Mahdi Rostami Shamastan, in an airstrike in Tehran following a joint operation involving Israel’s Military Intelligence, Mossad, and Shin Bet.
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) also said on Friday that it killed the Basij militia’s intelligence chief, Esmail Ahmadi, in a strike in central Tehran.
ELIMINATED: Esmail Ahmadi, Head of the Intelligence Division of the Basij Force, as well as several other senior commanders in a strike on the senior leadership of the Basij Force in the heart of Tehran.
Ahmadi played a central role in advancing and executing terror attacks… pic.twitter.com/M9mwVmlvH7
— Israel Defense Forces (@IDF) March 20, 2026
The Iranian regime uses the Basij paramilitary force, which is affiliated with the IRGC, to violently suppress protests and crush political opposition across the country.
“Ahmadi played a central role in advancing and executing terror attacks carried out by Basij Forces,” the IDF posted on social media. “He was also responsible for enforcing public order and the regime’s values on behalf of the IRGC and leading major suppression operations during the recent internal protests in Iran.”
Ahmadi was killed earlier this week in the strikes that targeted and successfully eliminated other senior Basij militia members, including top commander Gholam Reza Soleimani and his deputy, Seyyed Karishi.
The IDF’s announcements came after Netanyahu on Thursday vowed the campaign against Iran will continue “as long as necessary” until all objectives are met.
Speaking at a press conference, Netanyahu reiterated the war’s three main objectives, emphasizing the dismantling of Iran’s nuclear program, the destruction of its ballistic missile capabilities, and the creation of conditions for the Iranian people to determine their own future.
“Today, after 20 days [of conflict], I can tell you: Iran does not have the ability to enrich uranium … and it does not have the ability to produce ballistic missiles,” the Israeli leader said. “Not only did we destroy the existing missiles [and nuclear components], but we seriously damaged the industries that make it possible to produce them.”
He also stressed that Israel is operating on all fronts — by air, on land, underground, and across the Caspian Sea — where, this week, Israeli forces launched their first attack on Iranian Navy targets since the outbreak of the war.
“A revolution cannot be made from the air; there are also ground-based options,” Netanyahu said.
“We have eliminated the political and military top command, the [Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps] and the Basij,” he continued.
On Tuesday night, the IDF killed Iranian Intelligence Minister Ismail Khatib in Tehran during a precision airstrike carried out with a narrow window of real-time intelligence.
Appointed in 2021, Khatib led Iran’s Ministry of Intelligence, a central pillar of the regime’s repression apparatus, overseeing espionage, covert operations, and intelligence activities targeting both domestic dissent and foreign adversaries, including Israeli and US targets.
He also played a central role during the regime’s brutal crackdown on internal opposition, including the latest nationwide anti-government protests, which security forces violently crushed, with thousands of demonstrators tortured and killed.
Khatib’s assassination was part of an ongoing wave of targeted killings of senior Iranian officials in recent days, further weakening the regime’s leadership and operational networks.
During Thursday’s press conference, Netanyahu praised Israel’s recent military and strategic successes, presenting them as a defining moment for the country’s strength and influence in the region.
“I promised that we would change the Middle East — and we have changed it beyond recognition. The State of Israel is stronger than ever and Iran is weaker than ever,” he said.
“We have turned Israel into a regional power, and some would say … into a global power,” he continued. “The relationship between me and my friend [US President Donald Trump] is unprecedented, and together we are leading the fight of the free world against the forces of evil.”
Earlier this week, the Israeli Air Force also killed Ali Larijani, secretary of Iran’s National Security Council, in what was the most significant assassination since the killing of former Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei at the start of the campaign on Feb. 28. Larijani was widely believed to be running the country following Khamenei’s death.
With the military campaign escalating, Israeli forces have now been authorized to carry out targeted assassinations of senior Iranian officials without requiring approval from higher command.
Netanyahu also said he had instructed intelligence officers to “act so that the Revolutionary Guards’ killers know we will hunt them down in the cities as well.”
“It’s too early to say whether the Iranian people will take advantage of the conditions we are creating to take to the streets,” the Israeli leader said. “I hope so — but it will depend only on them.”
“I see this war ending much faster than people think,” he continued. The Islamist regime’s collapse “will not happen in one day, but we can already see the cracks.”
According to a recent intelligence assessment, the Iranian regime shows no signs of surrender and remains far from collapse, and Israeli officials have been warned that the war could continue for weeks, the Israeli news outlet N12 reported.
Even though there have been demonstrations in Iran in recent days, this latest assessment shows that they have been limited to a few locations with relatively small numbers of participants, and that the regime’s brutal repression continues to instill fear.
However, a senior Israeli source also told the outlet that the regime is in a state of “complete chaos,” with Jerusalem seeing increasing signs of a breakdown in the regime’s systems in Tehran.
“There is no one there at the moment who is taking the orders, and the government vacuum is deepening,” the official said, adding that Israel is “working to create a breaking point” for the regime.
“The goal is for the Iranian public to understand for itself, through the reality on the ground, that this regime has reached a ‘game over.’ We want to create the conditions in which the Iranian people feel they have an opportunity to take their fate into their own hands and take to the streets,” the source reportedly said.
Israel’s campaign is increasingly focused on dismantling Iran’s internal repression systems, aiming to create a leadership vacuum and logistical breakdown that could hinder the regime’s ability to respond if mass protests erupt again.
Israeli forces have carried out targeted strikes on senior Basij and IRGC officers, destroyed infrastructure used to suppress protests, and launched cyber operations to disrupt internal security communications and coordination, crippling the regime’s ability to redeploy its forces effectively.
So far, Israel says it has dropped some 10,000 munitions on targets linked to the IRGC, Basij, and other internal security forces, delivering a devastating blow to the regime’s security apparatus.
Late Tuesday night into Wednesday morning alone, around 300 Basij commanders and field officials were killed in a wave of strikes on key command and operational centers, according to Iran International.
During Thursday’s press conference, Netanyahu expressed pride in the Israeli people for their steadfast stand, praising their resilience and unity in the face of ongoing conflict.
“I know how difficult it is to stay in the security rooms and showers, and I understand the challenges with studies, businesses, and reservist duties. Your patience gives us the strength to keep fighting until we achieve the campaign’s objectives,” he said.
“Continue to stand tall, continue to stand with us, and with God’s help, together, we will stand and together we will win.”
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Israel Ranks 8th in World Happiness Report as ‘Extraordinary’ Resilience Masks War Toll
An Israeli flag waves as Israeli Air Force planes fly in formation over the Mediterranean Sea during an aerial show on Israel’s 74th Independence Day on May 5, 2022. Photo: Reuters/Amir Cohen
Israel held on to its spot in the world’s 10 happiest countries, placing eighth in the World Happiness Report published Thursday, even as the country continues to grapple with war, instability, and trauma.
A key takeaway from this year’s data is the performance of younger Israelis. Those under 25 stand out not just domestically but globally, placing third worldwide and emerging as the most content group in the country. That contrasts sharply with peer countries, where younger cohorts are faring far worse. In the US, for example, they sit at 60th.
Across Israel’s population more broadly, other age groups also post strong results, averaging around 11th place.
In the overall country rankings, Finland secured the top spot once again, marking nine consecutive years in first place. The US ranked 23rd, while the UK and France came in at 29th and 35th, respectively.
The UN-backed World Happiness Report tracks how people rate their lives overall, not how they feel in a given moment, so extreme turmoil such as war may not be accurately reflected. Its scores draw on a three-year average and factors such as income, health, social support, and generosity, which can mute the immediate effect of shocks such as war.
The report’s emotional data is less reassuring. Measures of worry, sadness, and anger show Israel climbing from 119th before the war to 39th, while trust in public institutions has kept weakening. On perceived corruption, Israel now ranks 107th.
One of Israel’s leading demographers, Sergio DellaPergola of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, also noted the findings should be read with some caution because they reflect an average from 2023 through 2025, rather than a snapshot of current conditions. Still, he said, that period itself was marked by “war, disturbances, and great sorrow,” making Israel’s high ranking “quite extraordinary.”
“We see many countries in the West much more developed economically than Israel with much lower rates of optimism,” he told The Algemeiner. “The explanation must come not so much from the contingencies of the situation, but from deeper social forces that exist in Israeli society.”
DellaPergola pointed to what he described as a deeply rooted culture of solidarity. “The feeling of togetherness is what keeps morale high,” he said. “We are all on the same boat. We have first of all to survive, but also we have to win.”
He described how that dynamic plays out in daily life under fire. “You rush to the shelter, and the atmosphere is paradoxically happy,” he said. “People circulate jokes, encouragement, funny comments.” In his own building, he added, “there is a sense of mutual help, like an extended family.”
“This is one of the secrets of the extraordinary resilience of the Israelis under these deplorable and very sad circumstances,” DellaPergola said.
That cohesion, he said, is reinforced by demographic patterns that distinguish Israel from much of the West. “The nuclear family has kept a role which has been lost quite completely in Western Europe,” he said. “There is still a belief that there is a future for your children.”
Even within Israel’s relatively strong showing, DellaPergola noted important internal differences. “Paradoxically, perhaps the most optimistic are also the most religious,” he said, pointing to surveys showing a clear link between religiosity and optimism despite lower average income levels. “Among the younger, the proportion of religious [people] is higher, and so the level of optimism increases.”
“Whatever it is,” he added, “Israel remains, even under pressure, a very exceptional case.”
Anat Fanti, a happiness policy researcher at Bar-Ilan University, said the results should not be read as evidence that the war has had limited impact.
“Israel’s result in this year’s World Happiness Report does not erase the psychological and social cost of the war,” she said. “On the contrary, it highlights the gap between the resilience of Israeli society and the difficult emotional reality of daily life.”
“The fact that Israel is still ranked 8th in the world, and that young Israelis in particular are ranked 3rd, points to the strengths of Israel’s population in comparison to other countries,” she added. “At the same time, the rise in worry, sadness, and anger, together with the erosion of public trust, makes clear that resilience is not immunity.”
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Algemeiner Unveils 12th Annual ‘J100’ List at Gala Featuring Javier Milei, David Draiman
Argentine President Javier Milei speaks at the 12th annual Algemeiner J100 Gala on March 9, 2026, in New York City.
The Algemeiner on Monday, March 9, unveiled its 12th annual “J100” list at a gala in New York City, honoring a diverse group of individuals who have positively influenced Jewish life in 2025.
Opening the evening, Algemeiner chairman Simon Jacobson framed the event as both a celebration and a response to a moment of profound upheaval.
“We are living in historic times, and this is a historic evening,” Jacobson said. “As we speak, battles are raging in the Middle East, impacting our dear brothers and sisters in the Holy Land and good and innocent people all over the world. We are here to declare that there is no challenge that is too great, and we have a response: The Algemeiner Journal was founded over 50 years ago. Its mission is quite simple: that in an age of misinformation, propaganda travels faster than facts. Where the war is being fought on the landscape of ideas, of narratives, The Algemeiner is an unwavering and courageous voice of truth and integrity in journalism.”
Jacobson’s remarks set the tone for an evening centered on moral clarity, Jewish resilience, and the defense of truth at a time of rising global antisemitism and continued efforts to isolate and demonize Israel in the public square.
He also emphasized that Argentine President Javier Milei is a leader for these times, a theme that featured prominently throughout the gala.
Milei addressed the gala after accepting the Warrior for Truth award, which recognized him for being an ardent supporter of the Jewish community and the State of Israel.
His wide-ranging speech drew on biblical wisdom, economic theory, and moral clarity, while focusing on the idea that morality in statecraft is not weakness, but courage.
“Morality as state policy is, above all, courage,” Milei said. “It is doing good, even when it seems costly, even when it seems to cost friendships or relationships … morality as state policy means facing the uncertainty of the future with courage, without sacrificing the core of our identity which is our values.”
Focusing on the intersection of religiously grounded morality and geopolitics, Milei argued that moral clarity in public life need not come at the expense of strength. Rather, he suggested, it is precisely such clarity that allows nations to defend themselves and their principles in moments of uncertainty and danger.
He went on to warn that the West’s foundational values are under threat, casting the defense of Israel, Argentina, and the United States as part of a broader struggle to preserve a shared civilizational inheritance.
“Today, our moral sense tells us something with absolute certainty: The West is in danger,” Milei said. “The values that made this era of prosperity and common freedom possible are being eroded from the ground up. Today our morals give us a mandate. We must fight to defend our legacy, which is our societies … from those who want to take it away from us, from those who want to make us believe that … we are evil.”
“We cannot fail in this mandate,” he added. “We cannot fail in Argentina, nor in Israel, nor less in the United States which is the last great guardian of our civilizational legacy.”
Also honored at the gala was David Draiman, the heavy metal singer who has become one of Israel’s most outspoken supporters in the music industry. Over the past year, Draiman has used his massive public platform to amplify pro-Israel messages relentlessly, emerging as a prominent voice against antisemitism and against efforts to silence public support for the Jewish state.
Draiman struck a defiant but reassuring tone in his remarks, addressing the gap between the hostility amplified online and the reality on the ground.
“I’m here to tell you that despite all of the bark that you hear online, and there is a lot of it, the loudest voices are the most extreme voices, and they echo incessantly in their own echo chambers,” he said. “But the beautiful reality of it is that the bark is nowhere near what the bite actually is.”
His remarks resonated strongly with attendees and underscored one of the evening’s broader messages: that while anti-Israel incitement and antisemitism have become impossible to ignore, Jewish pride, solidarity, and moral confidence remain more powerful than the noise surrounding them.
The annual J100 list recognizes individuals from across politics, culture, business, media, and public life who have had a positive impact on the Jewish people and the State of Israel. Over the years, the list and gala have become signature expressions of The Algemeiner‘s mission to spotlight moral leadership and Jewish achievement in the international arena.
Past Algemeiner gala honorees and participants have included prominent political leaders, writers, entertainers, and advocates from around the world. Founded in 1972, The Algemeiner is a New York-based news organization covering Israel, the Jewish world, and the Middle East.