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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising’s 80th anniversary remembered with daffodils, 3 presidents and an 11th commandment against ‘indifference’
WARSAW (JTA) — Exactly 80 years ago, a few hundred ragtag, half-starved Jews emerged from sewers in Warsaw to battle Nazis – and held them off for nearly a month rather than surrender themselves and their Jewish brethren to the Treblinka and Majdanek death camps.
On Wednesday, thousands of Poles and international visitors, including Polish President Andrzej Duda, Israeli President Issac Herzog and German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, marked the 80th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in a stirring Holocaust commemoration festooned with daffodils, the emergent symbol of the largest Jewish rebellion against the Nazis during World War II.
“As German federal president, I stand before you today and bow to the courageous fighters in the Warsaw Ghetto,” Steinmeier told a few hundred politicians, Jewish leaders and others at the Ghetto Heroes Monument, marking the first time a German president has joined in the annual commemoration. “I stand before you today and ask for your forgiveness for the crimes committed here by Germans.”
This was also the first time leaders from all three countries came together for the official uprising ceremony to commemorate the fighters, none of whom are alive today. The last surviving fighter, Simcha Rathajzer-Rotem, also known as Kazik, died in December 2018. A handful of Warsaw Ghetto survivors who were not old enough to join the fighting remain, according to Holocaust scholars.
In another first, the three heads of state attended a commemorative service led by Poland’s Chief Rabbi Michael Schdurich at Warsaw’s Nozyk Synagogue. By the end of the ceremony, which was conducted mostly in Hebrew and featured Polish-Jewish children singing the Polish and Israeli national anthems, many attendees had tears in their eyes.
“I just thought, the leaders are here, this is something we should do, it’s part of building relationships and collective memory that partnerships are built on,” Schudrich told the Jewish Telegraphic Agency.
Earlier in the day, Polish President Duda called the fighters “the heroes of the Jews all over the world” and “the heroes of Poland and the Poles.”
Herzog, a day after Yom Hashoah, Israel’s Holocaust Remembrance Day, praised the fighters for sparking hope during one of humanity’s most tragic times. “In a world falling apart, in the shadow of death, under conditions of humiliation, famine, and forced labor, in the ghettos… they succeeded — mothers, fathers, children, grandfathers, and grandmothers — in upholding human morality, mutual responsibility, faith and basic humanity,” he said.
From left to right: German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Polish President Andrzej Duda and Israeli President Issac Herzog hold hands before the 80th anniversary commemoration of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, in front of the city’s Monument to the Ghetto Heroes, April 19, 2023. (German Government Press Office/Getty Images)
Wednesday’s diplomatic tribute, which also included speeches by World Jewish Congress President Ronald Lauder and Marian Turski, a Lodz Ghetto survivor whose so-called 11th commandment — “Thou shalt not be indifferent” — became the slogan for programming by the POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews around the commemoration.
Eleven years ago, POLIN commissioned Jewish artist Helena Czernek to design a simple paper flower daffodil that has since been worn on the uprising’s anniversary to raise awareness of the day. The pin design was inspired by a commander of the uprising, Marek Edelman, who died in 2009. Each year he would receive a bouquet of daffodils to mark the anniversary date from an anonymous sender, and he would in turn place them on the city’s Monument to the Ghetto Heroes — a large sculpture standing at the site of the uprising’s first battle.
The daffodil marker has since changed the landscape of Holocaust memory in Poland, according to POLIN museum spokeswoman Marta Dziewulska.
“Our research shows that since we began our educational programs around this event, including handing out the daffodils, the rise in general public knowledge about the uprising has been enormous,” said Dziewulska.
This year, thanks in part to financial support from Lauder, a billionaire heir to the Estee Lauder fortune and a major Republican donor, the daffodil campaign reached far more people than ever, both in Poland and beyond. Throughout the center of Warsaw, the paper daffodil was ubiquitous among pedestrians and cafe dwellers across generations. All crew members on LOT Polish airline flights wore them.
For the first time, the daffodils were also distributed to 150,000 people in 100 Jewish communities around the world. More than 3,000 volunteers gave out 450,000 paper daffodils in six cities across Poland, and over 7,000 schools, libraries and cultural institutions participated in the museum’s daffodil campaign, which includes films and educational materials about the uprising.
Helena Czernek designed the paper daffodil over a decade ago. (Dinah Spritzer)
Krystyna Budnicka, who was 11 at the time of the uprising, told journalists about her story on Monday. The fighters of the Jewish Combat Organization (ŻOB) were armed with home-made grenades and Molotov cocktails. In the end, roughly 13,000 Jews were were burnt alive or suffocated as the Nazis burnt down the ghetto to quell the rebellion, sending the remaining some 50,000 Jews to be murdered further east.
Budnicka told the Polish newspaper Gazeta Wyborcza that “as the ghetto was burning, the underground was like a bread oven.”
But Budnicka and some of her 10 immediate family members, none of whom survived the Holocaust, had one advantage. Her brothers and father were observant Jews who happened to be carpenters. They had constructed a bunker to lead to the sewers so that eventually, at least she and her brother, who later died of typhus, were able to make it out.
Budnicka was later taken in by a Catholic orphanage while the war was still raging and hid her Jewish identity, changing her last name to Kuczer. Until the 1990s, she told almost no one of her travels. But today she is the ambassador of POLIN Museum.
Her recollection of life at the time is limited, except that she had hope for survival. The fighters slept during the day in bunkers the Nazis couldn’t easily find, and came out of the sewers to fight at night. She remembers hunger, being the only girl among many boys and dreaming about what bread tasted like, a distant memory.
Many decades later, after the end of the Communist dictatorship, a “Children of the Holocaust” association was formed in Poland. For the first time, Budnicka and many others started telling their stories out loud, and at schools.
“Now I feel that I have to do it,” she told Gazeta Wyborcza. “When I mention my loved ones at meetings, it’s like I’m erecting a monument to my family. They live then. I see them. It’s in order: my mother Cyrla, father Josef Lejzor, brothers Izaak, Boruch, Szaja, Chaim, Rafał.”
Budnicka is not the only Warsaw Ghetto survivor to ask the world to remember what she endured. Helena Birnbaum, 93, who also survived by hiding in a bunker, participated in this year’s March of the Living — an annual Holocaust remembrance event that brings thousands of participants from around the world to Auschwitz-Birkenau. She told reporters at the march on Tuesday why she flew all the way to Poland from Israel to talk about her ordeal.
“The importance of knowing about the Holocaust is to know the person in all situations, on the brink of death,” she said. “The importance of knowing that the Holocaust was life within death and not everyone died at once. The individual stories matter.”
An iconic photo from the Warsaw Ghetto shows Jews being led by Nazis in 1943. (U.S. Holocaust Museum/Wikimedia Commons)
The act of international unity in display at the official uprising ceremony comes at a time when Poland’s right-wing government continues to espouse a nationalist narrative that international scholars say downplays Polish antisemitism and violence towards Jews before, during and after World War II. Multiple Polish laws connected to Holocaust rhetoric and restitution payments caused diplomatic tensions between Poland and Israel for years, and the two only resumed more full relations last month. The rapprochement came after Israel’s foreign minister announced the resumption of Israeli student trips to Holocaust sites in Poland, which now could include sites that explain Nazi violence against non-Jewish Poles.
Six years ago, some Polish Jews who rejected their government’s patriotic narrative launched their own uprising commemoration, which has grown from a group of hundreds to nearly a thousand. During the alternative commemoration on Wednesday, which featured Yiddish songs sung by school children and recitations of poetry by Polish-Jewish authors, participants laid paper and real daffodils at Warsaw Ghetto monuments such as Umschlagplatz, where the Nazis deportee 350,000 Jews by train to Treblinka.
Patrycja Dolowy, director of Warsaw’s Jewish community center, was an early supporter of what she called a grassroots alternative to the pomp and circumstance of the government’s ceremony, only a few hundred feet away.
“Jews were sentenced to death in the center of their own city and the majority of people outside the ghetto were doing nothing about this,” said Dolowy, who believes government focus on heroism should not erase inquiry into less heroic actions by Poles.
“If Jews were not treated before the war as strangers, it would have been much easier for everyone, Jews and non-Jews, to rise together and resist,” she theorized.
The counter-commemoration reflects the contrasting attitudes in Poland towards honoring Jewish and Holocaust memory. In 2017, the government passed a law that assured public schools taught history from a heroic, patriotic perspective, and in 2018 made it illegal to insult the Polish nation’s Holocaust record, condemning scholars who dared delve into historical Polish aggression against Jews.
Attendees shown at an alternative Warsaw Ghetto Uprising commemoration, which has grown in recent years. (Dinah Spritzer)
Jerzy Warman, 76, a Polish-born Jew participating in the non-governmental commemoration whose parents survived the Warsaw Ghetto, said the Polish government wants to turn the uprising commemoration into an event where “they can do a roll call of Poles who they say helped the Jews.”
Warman noted that his father joined Edelman at the Warsaw Uprising, a major Polish resistance campaign that took place year after the Ghetto Uprising. “The Jews tried to join the Polish Home Army as a group but were rejected by them,” Warman recalled his father explaining.
Moshe Kis, 22, a Jewish political science student from Warsaw whose grandmother spent two years in the ghetto, echoed Warman’s view.
“So many people here still don’t understand their own history,” said Kis, who will immigrate to Israel next year. He added, fiddling with a daffodil over coffee, “when the sirens went off today in honor of the uprising, I heard people around me saying on the street, ‘what is this for, are we being invaded?’”
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US Rep. Randy Fine Says It Would ‘Be Nice’ to See JD Vance Condemn Tucker Carlson
Rep. Randy Fine (R-FL) leaves the US Capitol after the last votes of the week on Sept. 4, 2025. Photo: Tom Williams/CQ Roll Call/Sipa USA via Reuters Connect
Rep. Randy Fine (R-FL), one of the most strident supporters of Israel in the US Congress, indicated during an event on Tuesday that he would like to see Vice President JD Vance criticize popular conservative podcaster Tucker Carlson’s antisemitic conduct.
“I think it’d be nice,” Fine said when asked by The Algemeiner whether he thinks Vance, who is friends with Carlson, should publicly distance himself from the controversial pundit.
“I think that, you know, given that Tucker’s become a deranged lunatic, I think we should all be speaking out against Tucker,” Fine said.
Carlson has sparked a fierce backlash after inviting white nationalist Nick Fuentes, a Holocaust denier, onto his podcast, where Fuentes made antisemitic statements about “organized Jewry” and praised Sovet dictator Joseph Stalin. Critics argued that Carlson failed to condemn or even challenge Fuentes, arguing the online provocateur and former Fox News host offered a congenial platform to normalize Fuentes’s view. The controversy has ignited a rift within conservative circles, including public rebukes from Republican senators and Heritage Foundation staffers, highlighting growing tensions over antisemitism and Israel in the Republican Party.
Prior to the Fuentes interview, Carlson stoked outrage after inviting guests who engaged in Holocaust minimization and made remarks in favor of Adolf Hitler. Carlson also suggested that Hamas should be considered a legitimate government and not a terrorist organization.
Carlson has repeatedly alluded to the unfounded notion that Israel deliberately oppresses Christians while minimizing the heavily documented persecution of Christians by Islamic movements, such as the ongoing mass killing of Nigerian Christians.
Furthermore, Carlson’s friendship with Vance has come under increased scrutiny, with many observers fearing that the popular pundit might influence the vice president to adopt harsher views against Israel. Vance raised eyebrows recently after he failed to push back against a college student who asked him why the United States should continue to support Israel while claiming that Jews “openly support the persecution” of Christians.
Vance employs Carlson’s son, Buckley Carlson, as his deputy press secretary. Vance recently lashed out at journalist Sloan Rachmuch after she demanded that Buckley publicly answer questions about his positions on antisemitism and Israel, suggesting that the pundit’s son could be exerting influence over the vice president.
Political analysts have speculated that Vance, who is widely perceived as a likely successor to US President Donald Trump to lead the Republican Party and win its 2028 presidential primary, could break from GOP orthodoxy by establishing a significantly more critical stance against Israel. A series of recent polls suggest that younger Republicans are increasingly skeptical of the US-Israel alliance. Due to his prominence among Republicans and positioning for the party’s future, conservative leaders have called on Vance to repudiate antisemitism forcefully and reemphasize the importance of the bond between the US and the Jewish State.
On Tuesday, Fine, who is Jewish, also expressed hope that antipathy against Israel and Jews won’t become a major feature in the 2028 presidential primary, arguing that the Trump administration has proactively taken a number of aggressive steps to mitigate the influence of antisemitism among conservatives. He also took a swipe at fellow Republican Reps. Marjorie Taylor Greene (GA) and Thomas Massie (KY), branding the anti-Israel lawmakers as “antisemites.”
“Hopefully not, because hopefully we’re going to squash this,” Fine said, “I point out this: I serve with two antisemites on the US House of Representatives, and Donald Trump is seeking to have both of them defeated next year in their primaries. I think it’s clear where the president stands.”
Massie enraged Jewish conservatives after claiming that every member of Congress has an “AIPAC babysitter” which monitors their voting record on Israel. AIPAC, a prominent lobbying group, seeks to foster bipartisan support for the US-Israel alliance.
Massie has also refused to vote in favor of a resolution “calling on elected officials and civil society leaders to counter antisemitism and educate the public on the contributions of the Jewish American community.” He sparked outrage in December 2023 after posting a “meme” which contrasted “American Patriotism” with “Zionism.”
Taylor Greene has also sparked ire from pro-Israel conservatives when she attempted, unsuccessfully, to add an amendment stripping military aid to Israel to a large defense spending bill. In recent months, the lawmaker has intensified her rhetoric against Israel, establishing herself as the sole Republican to condemn Israel for “genocide” in Gaza.
Trump has announced his intention to support primary challengers against both members, who have opposed him on a range of issues including Israel.
Fine spoke to The Algemeiner at an event in Washington, DC titled “Exposing and Countering Extremism and Antisemitism on the Political Right” where he was featured as a keynote speaker. The event was organized in response to the rise of Fuentes and a wave of antisemitic rhetoric baacked by major right-wing online influencers.
Fuentes has praised Hitler, engaged in Holocaust denial, called for “perfidious Jews” to be murdered, all while becoming increasingly popular with an audience of disaffected young men. Along with Carlson and Fuentes, Candace Owens, another prominent right-wing influencer, has spent the last two years following Hamas’s Oct. 7, 2023, massacre across southern Israel, spreading conspiracy theories about Israel and calling Jews “demonic” and “pedophilic.”
During his keynote speech, Fine said that the fight against antisemitism is an “existential fight for the nature of our country.”
He stressed that no country that has gone down the “path of antisemitism” has survived and urged Jewish conservatives not to ignore antisemites as fringe voices. Fine lamented the growing issue of right-wing antisemitism, claiming that “we have an issue in our own party, where the evil has come into our own midst.”
Fine argued that Carlson is now the “most dangerous antisemite in America” because he still harbors credibility among conservatives from his popular Fox News show and that most people don’t know that he has become a “nutgbag.”
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‘Sharia Stands Against the Oppressor’: CUNY Imam Issues Verbal Fatwa Targeting Jewish Professor at Interfaith Event
City University of New York (CUNY) students protesting Israel and US President Donald Trump’s immigration policies. Photo: Reuters via Reuters Connect
A New York City college has been walloped by what witnesses described as a portentous verbal fatwa which disrupted an interfaith event school officials hoped would unite students around traditional American values of pluralism, tolerance, and equality.
What most surprised the audience and the panelists who were headlining the event was that the heckler at the City College of New York (CCNY) in Manhattan last Thursday was himself a panelist, a local imam and graduate student, Abdullah Mady, who is enrolled in the Master’s in Translational Medicine (MTM) program. When called on to speak, Mady became irate and opened up a prolonged rant in which he called for imposing sharia law on Americans, defended amputating the limbs of misdemeanor level criminals and the wealthy, and denigrated a Jewish co-panelist, Baruch College professor Ilya Bratman.
CCNY and Baruch College are both part of the City University of New York (CUNY) system.
“I came here to this event not knowing that I would be sitting next to a Zionist, and this is something I’m not going to accept. My people are being killed right now in Gaza,” Mady bellowed before challenging the religious bonafides of Muslim students in the audience. “If you’re a Muslim, out of strength and dignity, I ask you to exit this room immediately.”
Mady uttered other pronouncements drawn from the jihadist tradition of radical Islam, in which extremism is offered as a solution to soluble political problems.
“I’m talking about the elite, the filthy rich, the ones that continue to steal from people as we speak today. Those are the ones that deserve their tips to be cut off,” Mady said. “Sharia … stands against the oppressor. When sharia is implemented, pornography — gone. Alcohol industry — gone. Gambling system — gone. Interest is gone, which is what they use to enslave you.”
Ilya Bratman, executive director of the Hillel at Baruch College, told The Algemeiner in an interview on Wednesday that he is no victim but warned that Mady’s ideology is infectious in an age when political actors amass a following by trampling on norms which protect the American system against demagoguery.
“Who are the victims? The students, because they are being indoctrinated, bamboozled, and radicalized,” he said. “The Muslim students are the victims in this story because in this environment they are forced to choose between being supportive of this point of view or disassociated with by their community. That’s very sad, I think. We need education, not indoctrination.”
Bratman noted that just feet away from the panel, a Holocaust survivor was delivering a lecture in another room on the anniversary of Kristallnacht, the infamous Nazi-led pogroms in November 1938 that devastated the German Jewish community. That event aimed to teach students how to identify and fight fascism, which Bratman says is fitting given that it took form in Mady’s invective, which promised that Americans could achieve utopia if only they adopt theocratic, anti-capitalist, and antisemitic beliefs.
“It was juxtaposed with another story just downstairs, where an element of fascism was coming through on an American campus,” Bratman explained. “He promoted isolationism, exclusion, superiority, intimidation, hostility, all targeting a very specific type of group, the Jewish people.”
Bratman added that CCNY is not responsible for what transpired, as school officials selected Mady as a panelist based on its belief that he was an average student and New Yorker. However, he noted that Mady’s power to direct masses of students poses a threat to safety and would have led to tragedy had he used his platform to incite violence.
“In this situation, the administration was not trying to do something negative but something amazingly positive,” Bratman explained. “But I think if this person stood up and said, ‘If you are a good Muslim, attack this Zionist.’ And I believe this strongly not because I think they are bad people, but because they have been so bamboozled, so radicalized by ideology. We are at a dangerous moment, a moment of escalation that is a symptom of our society today.”
On Wednesday, New York Gov. Kathy Hochul denounced Mady’s conduct as antisemitic.
“This is antisemitism, plain and simple,” Hochul said on the X social media platform, responding to the incident. “No one should be singled out, targeted, or shamed because they are Jewish. I expect to act swiftly to ensure accountability and protect every student’s safety.”
CUNY’s campuses have been lambasted by critics as some of the most antisemitic institutions of higher education in the country.
Last year, the US Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) resolved half a dozen investigations of antisemitism on CUNY campuses, a consortium of undergraduate colleges located throughout New York City’s five boroughs. The inquiries, which reviewed incidents that happened as far back as 2020, were aimed at determining whether school officials neglected to prevent and respond to antisemitic discrimination, bullying, and harassment.
Hunter College and CUNY Law combined for three resolutions in total, representing half of all the antisemitism cases settled by OCR. Baruch College, Brooklyn College, and CUNY’s Central Office were the subjects of three other investigations.
One of the cases which OCR resolved, involving Brooklyn College, prompted widespread concern when it was announced in 2022. According to witness testimony provided by the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law — which filed the complaint prompting the investigation — Jewish students enrolled in the college’s Mental Health Counseling (MCH) program were repeatedly pressured into saying that Jews are white people who should be excluded from discussions about social justice.
The badgering of Jewish students, the students said at the time, became so severe that one said in a WhatsApp group chat that she wanted to “strangle” a Jewish classmate.
“Some of the harassment on CUNY campuses has become so commonplace as to almost be normalized,” the American Center for Law & Justice (ACLJ) alleged in July 2022. “Attacking, denigrating, and threatening ‘Zionists’ has become the norm, with the crystal-clear understanding that ‘Zionist’ is now merely an epithet for ‘Jew’ the same way ‘banker,’ ‘cabal,’ ‘globalist,’ ‘cosmopolitan,’ ‘Christ killer,’ and numerous other such dog-whistles have been used over the centuries to target, demonize, and incite against Jews.”
Follow Dion J. Pierre @DionJPierre.
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‘Shoulder-to-Shoulder’: Israeli Medical Delegation Assists in Aftermath of Devastating Hurricane in Jamaica
A look at some of the damage caused by Hurricane Melissa in Jamaica. Photo: Provided
A team of 30 Israeli medical professionals who were deployed to Jamaica to assist the local population in the aftermath of the deadly Hurricane Melissa returned home to Israel on Tuesday, and its commander spoke to The Algemeiner about the challenges they faced as well as the devastation on the Caribbean island.
Professor Ofer Merin is the director general of Shaare Zedek Medical Center in Jerusalem and has been commander of the IDF’s Field Hospital operations for the past 20 years. A trained cardiac surgeon and trauma surgeon, he has been dispatched to oversee medical relief efforts in 10 disaster zones around the world, the most recent being in Jamaica. Merin spoke to The Algemeiner on Tuesday during his trip back to Israel with his delegation of medical professionals, which included doctors, nurses, and paramedical staff from hospitals all around Israel.
“We integrated into the two hospitals and worked shoulder-to-shoulder with the local people,” he said. “It’s by far easier to set up as a stand alone [field hospital] – you come, you set up your tent, you work and see the patients – but this way, you have to integrate and work with them [and] gain their trust, the patients and the healthcare providers.”
The Category 5 hurricane made landfall in western Jamaica on Oct. 28 and caused extensive damage, including the destruction of homes, power and communication outages, damaged sanitation systems, flooding and damages to infrastructure. Recovery efforts are still underway across Jamaica. There have been 45 confirmed deaths, 15 people are still missing as of last week, and more than 1.6 million have been affected, according to the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).
Merin explained that two hospitals located in the disaster zone were severely damaged and completely non-operational. After speaking with Jamaica’s Ministry of Health, Merin said the decision was made for the Israeli team to assist local medical staff, and assist in treating injured patients and emergency cases at the hospitals instead of establishing their own field hospitals in the disaster areas.
“The challenge here was triaging the patients into the emergency rooms into hospitals that were overwhelmed, trying to figure out what was more urgent and less urgent, and working in a lower resources country than what we are used to in Israel,” he added. “Within two days we gained the trust of everyone over there, the patients [and] the staff members. They let us treat patients independently, and this was quite unique. We also assisted the healthcare providers, which were overworking day and night because of the numbers of patients, and some of them lost family members or their houses.”
Merin said he and his team received tremendous feedback from the locals, who were grateful for their help. “People in the street would say, ‘Oh, you’re from Israel? Thank you so much.’ Jamaicans knew we were there. We got such good feedback. It was really heartwarming. The Jamaican people were amazing. They hosted us with such hospitality and open hands and we gained their trust very quickly.”
Eden Bar Tal, the director-general of Israel’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said in a previously released statement that Israel’s humanitarian mission to Jamaica to help in the aftermath of Hurricane Melissa “reflects the moral and ethical commitment of the State of Israel to extend assistance to regions affected by disasters around the world.”
“Jamaica has a long and unique history of relations with Israel and the Jewish people,” Bar Tal added. “As one of the leading nations in the Caribbean region, Jamaica is an important partner, and we are committed to further strengthening relations between Israel and the countries of the region.”
Hurricane Melissa was the strongest storm to make landfall in Jamaica and the second strongest recorded in the region. The storm also caused extensive flooding and damage in Haiti, Cuba and the Dominican Republic. In 2010, after the devastating earthquake in Haiti, Israel also dispatched a medical delegation and established a field hospital on the island.
Members of Israel’s medical delegation who traveled to Jamaica to assist in the aftermath of Hurricane Melissa. Photo: Provided