On New Year’s Day 2025, a horrific vehicular attack in New Orleans claimed the lives of 15 and injured at least 35. This heinous act, carried out by a lone terrorist, shocked the city’s residents and the world at large. New Orleans, renowned for its vibrant nightlife and as a cradle of jazz and blues music, now mourns the loss of its people. This tragedy adds to a grim series of deadly terrorist attacks that have become alarmingly common during the Christmas and New Year’s season.

In recent years, holiday-season terror attacks have become a global phenomenon. In 2015, a mass shooting in San Bernardino, California, left 14 dead at the hands of an ISIS-inspired couple. The timing during the holiday season magnified the attack’s symbolic resonance. The assailants were apprehended within hours. In 2016, a terror attack at a Christmas market in Berlin sent shockwaves across the globe. Anis Amri, a Tunisian national and ISIS operative, drove a truck into the market, killing 12 and injuring dozens. The attack targeted not just innocent civilians, but also one of the most iconic symbols of Christmas – the holiday markets. Similarly, in 2018, a gunman opened fire at a Christmas market in Strasbourg, France, killing five and injuring many others.

These attacks are far from random; they reflect a profound hostility toward the values and symbols of Western culture. Christmas symbols – the tree, Santa Claus, the Star of Bethlehem – are viewed by jihadist terrorists as representations of Christian-Western culture, which they consider an enemy to be eradicated. The festive crowds, dazzling decorations, and capitalist atmosphere of the season provoke these extremists and fuel their violent motivations.

Jihadists often draw inspiration from religious texts, including verses in the Quran emphasizing the struggle against unbelievers. For example, Surah 9:29 states: “Fight those who do not believe in Allah… and do not forbid what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden… until they give the jizya willingly while they are humbled.” This verse, which underscores armed struggle and Islamic supremacy, is used as a religious justification for such attacks. Other verses, depicting disdain for non-believers, provide the ideological framework for their actions.

The link between Christmas and New Year’s holidays and acts of terror is not limited to Western countries. In Israel, this connection also manifests in disturbing ways. Just a week ago, Sheikh Raed Salah delivered a sermon in an Israeli mosque that included blatant incitement against Jews.

Interpreting Islamic eschatological visions, Salah described Jesus as one who foretold the coming of Muhammad and claimed, “Allah raised Jesus alive after the wicked (Jews) conspired to kill him.” The sermon further attacked “the deceitful Western leaders,” accusing them of supporting Israel while blaming them for the suffering in Gaza, thus portraying the Western world as complicit in Palestinian suffering.

Incitement and acts of terror during Christmas and New Year’s highlight the extreme expression of inter-religious conflict between the capitalist Western world and radical Islamic ideologies. This conflict is ideological and cultural, not merely a security challenge. Christmas symbols, embodying culture, liberty, and universality, are seen as a threat to the core tenets of extremist religious traditions. The Western world must prepare not only in terms of security but also by intensifying its cultural and ideological response. Promoting tolerance, interfaith dialogue, and strengthening its identity are crucial to countering these threats.

During this festive season, as we also celebrated Hanukkah – a festival of light and the pursuit of freedom, commemorating our victory against Hellenistic forces attempting to impose foreign culture upon us – it is vital to deepen our understanding of this struggle. Addressing these threats requires a multifaceted approach that encompasses military, cultural, and ideological efforts to confront the challenges posed by radical terrorism.

Itamar Tzur is an Israeli scholar and Middle East expert who holds a Bachelor’s degree with honors in Jewish History and a Master’s degree with honors in Middle Eastern Studies. As a senior member of the “Forum Kedem for Middle Eastern Studies and Public Diplomacy.” Tzur leverages his academic expertise to enhance understanding of regional dynamics and historical contexts within the Middle East.

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