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Iran’s Strategic Gambit in Nigeria: The Quds Force’s Proliferating Influence
Gen. Esmail Qaani (center), appointed commander of the IRGC-Quds Force in jan. 2020, at a memorial for his predecessor, Gen. Qassem Solaimani, who was killed in a US air strike in the same month. Photo: Reuters/Abacapress.
Nigeria, a nation celebrated for its cultural diversity and abundant natural resources, now stands at a precipice. The African country faces an array of security challenges that threaten not only its own stability, but also pose a significant risk to the broader region.
In the labyrinth of global geopolitics, Nigeria’s security landscape has become a chessboard for international power plays — with Iran emerging as a formidable player.
The West African giant faces a nuanced threat: the entrenchment of Iranian influence, orchestrated through the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps’ elite Quds Force. This calculated move by Iran not only aims to expand the Islamic Repubic’s strategic depth, but also to undercut Western influence, making Nigeria a focal point of Tehran’s broader “resistance” strategy across Africa.
Nigeria’s security quandaries are diverse and deep-rooted. The northeast reels under the Boko Haram insurgency, a jihadist group with a notorious legacy of violence and radicalism that has spilled blood and sowed discord across the Lake Chad Basin. The northwest and central regions grapple with farmer-herder conflicts that have spiraled into broader ethno-religious violence, providing fertile ground for emerging Islamist extremist factions. Meanwhile, the southeast witnesses a resurgence of separatist violence, particularly around electoral cycles, threatening national unity.
The Niger Delta’s resource curse persists, with militancy and oil theft by gangs challenging state authority and economic stability. These crises strain Nigeria’s military and police, while the impunity enjoyed by perpetrators and alleged abuses by security forces exacerbates grievances.
Amidst this chaos, Iran has found a proxy in Nigeria’s Shia minority, particularly the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN), led by Sheikh Ibrahim Zakzaky. Inspired by the Iranian Revolution, the IMN envisions a theocratic state model akin to Iran’s. Despite the Nigerian government’s crackdown on the IMN, Tehran’s support remains steadfast, revealing an ambition to cement its ideological and geopolitical foothold. This alliance, however, transcends ideological kinship, encompassing military and intelligence support, though the full extent remains shrouded in secrecy.
The Quds Force’s activities in Nigeria, part of a concerted effort to elevate Iran’s influence across Africa, entail clandestine networks aimed at Western interests and personnel. This “horizontal escalation” strategy signifies Iran’s intent to counter Western presence, leveraging proxies like Hezbollah and the IMN. The provision of ideological and military training to Nigerian Shiites, notably in Lebanon, underscores Iran’s commitment to expanding its proxy warfare model to West Africa, potentially stoking sectarian tensions in a region already fraught with religious strife.
The implications of Iran’s maneuvers in Nigeria extend beyond the immediate security implications for the West African nation. They represent a strategic challenge to Western, particularly US, interests in Africa. Iran’s activities in Nigeria, facilitated through proxies, exemplify Tehran’s broader ambition under its global resistance strategy to counter Western influence and expand its geopolitical reach. This involves a calculated use of soft power, military support, and ideological propagation to cultivate allies and proxies that can serve Iran’s interests, and challenge the existing geopolitical order.
The involvement of the Quds Force in Nigeria also illuminates Iran’s broader strategy of leveraging sectarian identities to forge strategic relationships. By supporting the IMN and establishing ties with Hezbollah, Iran not only aims to challenge Nigerian sovereignty but also to create a network of influence that could serve as a bulwark against Western and Sunni Arab states’ influence in Africa.
The Quds Force’s operations in Nigeria signal a potent mix of ideological zeal and strategic ambition that could exacerbate existing conflicts and spawn new ones. The implications for regional security are profound, as the entrenchment of Iranian influence could lead to a recalibration of alliances and power dynamics in West Africa and beyond.
Moreover, the convergence of Iran’s proxy activities with the broader jihadist landscape in Nigeria, characterized by the presence of Boko Haram and its offshoot, IS-WA, introduces an additional layer of complexity to the security matrix. While these groups have primarily Sunni orientations and objectives that diverge from those of the IMN, the overarching theme of external influence and proxy warfare presents a shared thread. This confluence of interests and the potential for tactical or opportunistic alliances among these disparate groups could pose a significant challenge to counter-terrorism efforts and peace-building initiatives in the region.
Addressing the burgeoning threat posed by the Quds Force and Iran’s wider network in Nigeria requires a nuanced, multifaceted strategy that encompasses diplomatic, military, and socio-economic dimensions.
The international community, particularly Western nations, must recalibrate their engagement with Nigeria and the broader African continent to counter Tehran’s influence effectively. This involves not only bolstering Nigeria’s counter-terrorism capabilities but also supporting governance reforms, socio-economic development, and efforts to address the root causes of extremism and sectarianism.
Strategically, it is imperative to enhance intelligence sharing, bolster defensive capabilities, and strengthen diplomatic ties with African nations to create a united front against external interference. Concurrently, initiatives aimed at fostering intra-faith dialogue and reconciliation can mitigate the sectarian divide that external actors like Iran exploit.
Ultimately, a concerted international effort that combines security measures with socio-political reforms can offer a sustainable solution to the complex challenge posed by Iran’s strategic ambitions in Nigeria and Africa at large.
As Nigeria grapples with an array of security challenges, the shadow of Iran’s Quds Force looms large, representing a new front in the geopolitical contestation of Africa. The involvement of the Quds Force, through its support for the IMN and collaboration with Hezbollah, signifies Iran’s ambition to project power and influence far beyond its borders. This development demands vigilant and coordinated responses from both regional and international actors, underscoring the need for a comprehensive strategy to navigate the shadows cast by Iran’s activities in Nigeria, and ensure the continent’s long-term stability and security.
Erfan Fard is a counter-terrorism analyst and Middle East Studies researcher based in Washington, D.C. He focuses on Middle Eastern regional security affairs, with a particular emphasis on Iran, counter-terrorism, IRGC, MOIS, and ethnic conflicts in MENA. Erfan is a Jewish Kurd of Iran, and he is fluent in Persian, Kurdish, Arabic, and English. Follow him from this twitter account @EQFARD.
The post Iran’s Strategic Gambit in Nigeria: The Quds Force’s Proliferating Influence first appeared on Algemeiner.com.
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Who Is Testing Us?
“Abraham and Isaac,” oil on canvas, Anthony van Dyck, circa 1617. Photo: National Gallery Prague via Wikimedia Commons.
JNS.org – On Shabbat, we will read the Torah portion Vayera and the poignant drama of the akeidah, the binding of Isaac, which is the 10th, and most difficult, test of faith that our father Abraham had to face in life. Would he be prepared to sacrifice his beloved son Yitzchak, Isaac, on the altar of God, especially since he waited so many years for this son to be born to his wife, our matriarch, Sarah?
Why is this famous act of near-martyrdom so special? What makes Abraham and Isaac so unique? Haven’t there been many millions of Jewish martyrs throughout our long and torturous history? Only one generation ago, 6 million martyrs, including more than 1 million innocent children, were killed. And one year ago, 1,200 of our finest—young and old—were martyred by Hamas.
So why, I ask, is the near martyrdom of Abraham and Isaac so special?
There are many famous answers to this question, but I would like to share with you an unconventional answer that I believe speaks to us today and has a very relevant and personal message to us all.
This section in the Torah begins with these words: “And it came to pass after these things, and God tested Abraham.”
That’s it. I just gave you the answer. Did you get it? No? You missed it? OK, let me repeat it. “And God tested Abraham.” Did you hear the emphasis this time? God himself was testing Abraham.
What is my point? Tragically, we Jews are all too accustomed to martyrdom. We are used to giving up our lives and our children’s lives when we are threatened and attacked by our enemies, by antisemites and by the vicious villains of history. We understand that life is a battle between good and evil. In this epic confrontation, we have all too often given our very lives for our faith, for our principles, and for God so that the forces of light would vanquish the forces of darkness and evil.
So for Abraham to be called upon to give his life, or his son’s life, in a battle against, say, the mighty King Nimrod would be understandable. But here, Abraham was not being tested by Nimrod or Hitler or Hamas. Here, Abraham is facing off against God. God Himself was testing Abraham!
That the antisemite wants to take your child’s life is a reality we are, sadly, all too familiar with. But God? God is threatening my child’s life? This, we cannot come to terms with so easily.
But Abraham said nothing. Not a word. He got up early the next morning and went on this mission with total faith in God. He did not demand any answers to the many questions he could have asked.
The unique test of Abraham was whether he would become disillusioned by the clear contradiction in God’s own words.
“Hey God! One minute, you tell me you are giving me a crown prince and that he will be my heir and the next link in the founding fathers of the Jewish people, and the next minute, you’re telling me to sacrifice him? And he hasn’t yet married or fathered any children. I don’t get it, God.”
Abraham could have said that, but he didn’t. He never wavered. Not for a moment. And that is part of his immortality. That is why his sacrifice remains unique, even after millions and millions of heroic acts of Jewish martyrdom throughout the generations.
God was testing Abraham. Not the antisemite. Not Hamas. God. And Abraham passed the test with flying colors.
Disillusionment is a very big test in life, especially if it comes from an unexpected source—like God.
We are often faced with tests of disillusionment, and not only for the big events, like the Holocaust or Oct. 7.
I can understand why my competitor is hurting my sales. He wants to. But why is God allowing this to happen to my business? I’ve been good. I come to shul. I give tzedakah. Didn’t God promise in the Bible that if we are good to Him, He would be good to us? Why is He killing my whole business?
That is a big test. Will we allow ourselves to wallow in disillusion?
Furthermore, the word “Elokim” doesn’t only mean God, it can also mean the godly. The godly, too, can sometimes cause us to be tested.
Like the rabbi! The rabbi is supposed to be a man of God. “Well, he didn’t say good morning to me or Shabbat Shalom or wish me a chag sameach. He didn’t visit me when I was in hospital or when I had the flu.” If the rabbi did not live up to one’s expectations of a spiritual leader—to the high standards people expect of a man of God—then one can become disillusioned. Many people worldwide have left synagogues because they became disillusioned with their man of God, their rabbi.
That, too, is a test.
And then there is the most common test of all. I must have heard this one at least a thousand times!
“Rabbi, I know a guy who goes to shul 10 times a day. He prays, he shukels (shakes) up a storm, and he makes it like he is the holiest guy in town. And when it comes to business, he is a rip-off artist! A gonif (thief)! If he represents religion, I don’t want to have anything to do with it!”
You know what? Personally, I can understand people having that reaction when they see such blatant cases of shameful hypocrisy. The so-called “godly” people may be testing us again.
But to tell you the truth, I’m tired of all those old stories about religious rip-off artists. Let’s assume you are right, and that fellow is indeed a pious swindler. Good in shul and terrible at work. So what? What does that have to do with you? Just because someone else failed his tests in life, why should you fail yours?
Whether we become disillusioned by the so-called “godly” among us, who behave unethically, may well be a test of our own faith.
Every one of us has a direct relationship with God. Jews don’t need intermediaries. If so and so is a crook, that’s his problem, not mine. And if Mr. X is a hypocrite, is God not God? Is Torah, not Torah? Is Judaism, not Judaism?
Why should someone else’s behavior weaken my relationship with God? Does that release me from my obligations and responsibilities?
A Jew’s connection to God is holy, inviolate and non-negotiable, irrespective of the behavior of others, even the “godly” among us. The seeming inconsistencies in the behavior of a rabbi, chazzan, rebbetzin, gabbai or some crook who happens to dress “religious” are entirely irrelevant.
Let me end with a story. At the end of World War II, after the U.S. Army liberated the Mauthausen concentration camp, Rabbi Eliezer Silver, a well-known leader of the American rabbinate, went to help the survivors. He arranged a prayer service with all the inmates where they said Kaddish for their fallen family members and thanked God for their survival. The rabbi noticed one survivor turned his back on the prayers and wouldn’t participate, so he went over to him and invited him to join them. The man told the rabbi why he wasn’t going to pray.
“In our camp, one Jew had managed to sneak a siddur into the camp. Whenever it was safe, Jews would get in line for a chance to hold the siddur in their hands and offer a prayer. At first, I respected him greatly for that noble act of courage and sacrifice. But then I saw that the fellow with the siddur was charging for it! He would take a quarter of the people’s daily food rations as payment for his siddur. How despicable! It was then that I lost my faith and decided never to pray again. How could a Jew do such a thing?!”
The wise rabbi put his arm around the survivor and said: “So, let me ask you a question. Why do you look only at the one shameful Jew who charged his poor brothers for his siddur? Why do you not look at the dozens of holy Jews who were prepared to give up a quarter of their meager rations and risk their lives just for a moment of prayer with the siddur? Why don’t you look at them and be inspired by them?”
The survivor acknowledged that the rabbi had a point. To his credit, he turned around and joined the rabbi in the prayers. That survivor was none other than the famous Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal.
Whether our fellow Jews, even supposedly “godly” Jews, behave correctly or not, let’s make sure we still do the right thing.
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IAEA Chief Tours Key Iranian Nuclear Sites
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director General Rafael Grossi addresses the media during their Board of Governors meeting in Vienna, Austria, Sept. 9, 2024. Photo: REUTERS/Leonhard Foeger
i24 News – The United Nations (UN) nuclear chief Rafael Grossi visited two of Iran’s key nuclear sites on Friday as Iran signaled readiness to restart negotiations over its disputed program in an effort to ease sanctions.
Grossi toured the Natanz complex as well as the Fordow enrichment site, a fortified facility located about 100 kilometers (62 miles) south of the capital Tehran. Following the visit, Seyed Abbas Araghchi reiterated Tehran’s readiness to engage in the talks, saying on X: “Iran has never left the negotiation table on its peaceful nuclear program.”
“The ball is in the EU/E3 court. Willing to negotiate based on our national interest & our inalienable rights, but NOT ready to negotiate under pressure and intimidation,” added Araghchi. Commitment to peaceful negotiations was backed by President Masoud Pezeshkian.
Meanwhile, Mohammad Eslami, head of Iran’s Atomic Energy Organization, warned that any resolution by the IAEA’s Board of Governors criticizing Iran’s nuclear program would prompt immediate retaliatory actions. “We will not allow pressure to dictate the course of our peaceful nuclear activities,” stated Eslami during a joint press conference with Grossi.
According to Iran International, the Iranian state media reported on the tour in a positive manner, demonstrating a shift in tone after just a year ago Tehran barred nearly one-third of the IAEA’s monitoring team, a move Grossi described at the time as a severe impediment to oversight.
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IDF Reservist Killed in Northern Gaza
Idan Keinan. Photo: IDF spokesman
i24 News – The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) on Sunday announced the death of Sergeant First Class (res.) Idan Kenan, 21, during fighting in the northern Gaza Strip.
Kenan was from the central Israeli city of Ramat Gan and worked as a mathematics tutor. He served in the Nachshon Battalion of the IDF’s Kfir Brigade.
Kenan was posthumously promoted in rank to Sergeant-Major.
His death raises IDF’s death toll in Gaza ground operation to 372.
The post IDF Reservist Killed in Northern Gaza first appeared on Algemeiner.com.
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