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The International Court of Justice Ruled Against Israel; Then Its President Became PM of Lebanon
The United Nations General Assembly and Security Council are political institutions that countries use to pursue their foreign policy interests.
For that reason, the UN Charter also established the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to offer opinions based solely on international law rather than politics. This is what the ICJ was charged to do in evaluating charges against Israel last July.
In order for the ICJ to remain nonpolitical, it is composed of a panel of 15 judges, each a citizen of a different nation. These judges are sworn not to represent their home country’s government, or even to be influenced by it. Instead, they are to be guided solely by their conscience and their understanding of the law.
During the period in which hearings about the legal status of Israel’s alleged occupation were held and the advisory opinion was written, Judge Nawaf Salam of Lebanon served as president of the ICJ. In addition to having served as Lebanon’s representative to the UN, he also has an impeccable legal resume.
The ICJ opinion was harshly critical of Israel. It declared that Israel must withdraw from all its “occupied” territories, including eastern Jerusalem, as rapidly as possible without regard for Israel’s historical ties to those places and regardless of the extent to which such a withdrawal endangers Israel’s security. Court President Salam added his own separate declaration, in which he expressed anti-Israel views even stronger than the court’s majority, and found Israel guilty of apartheid.
While it’s tempting to accuse the court of antisemitism and anti-Israel bias, we must think long and hard before questioning the motives of those with whom we disagree. The opinion weighs difficult legal issues that people may see differently. The fact that the court’s president was from Lebanon, a known enemy of Israel, is also not an indication that the ICJ is biased as an institution. The 15 judges come from all around the world and there wouldn’t seem to be anything untoward about the Lebanese judge being chosen as chief.
But on January 13,2025, ICJ President Salam abruptly resigned his position to become Lebanon’s new Prime Minister.
One day, he was an international judge sworn not to be influenced whatsoever by the political positions of his home country, then the next day, he was in charge of formulating and advancing the same political positions he had been sworn to ignore.
At this point, one has to wonder to what extent the court’s opinion, and certainly Salam’s personal declaration, were not unbiased legal interpretations — but rather were written with an eye towards currying favor in Lebanon.
It would be best for the ICJ to have a code of ethics mandating a “cooling off period” of at least a year or two during which a former judge cannot be appointed to or campaign for a political office. That way there would be less incentive for judges to use their ICJ opinion writing to audition for jobs back in their home countries, and less reason for those reading court decisions to suspect that is going on. But the ICJ doesn’t currently have such a rule, and so Salam was able to make this overnight transition. That’s a shame, because for an international court to have any standing to deliver a legal opinion on a political controversy, it needs to be seen as completely impartial and above politics.
Salam concluded his separate declaration by stating that he has participated in the proceedings with the deep conviction that he is using law and justice to lay “the foundations for a just and enduring solution to a conflict that has lasted far too long.” But is the ICJ opinion truly a solution based on law and justice, or is it a list of politically-motivated demands designed primarily to resonate with the Lebanese public that he phrased in the language of law?
Salam’s abrupt transition gives us every reason to wonder. Israel and its supporters have yet another valid reason to believe that the international legal system has been rigged against it by politics. On top of that, the job of anyone who wants to promote reliance on impartial international justice is now even harder.
Shlomo Levin is the author of the Human Rights Haggadah, and he writes about legal developments related to human rights issues of interest to the Jewish community. You can find him at https://hrhaggadah.com/.
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Jewish, Pro-Israel Organizations Have Mixed Reactions to Israel-Hamas Ceasefire Deal
Jewish and pro-Israel organizations reacted to the ceasefire deal reached between Israel and Hamas on Wednesday to halt fighting in Gaza, expressing both joy that hostages will be released and concern that it could leave Hamas in power and release thousands of terrorists from Israeli jails.
The deal comes after 15 months of fighting between Israel and the Hamas terrorist organization, which rules the Gaza Strip. The war started when Hamas-led Palestinian terrorists killed 1,200 people and took more than 250 hostages during its invasion of southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023. In response, Israel launched a military campaign aimed at returning the hostages and dismantling Hamas’s military and governing capabilities in Gaza.
While there have been final obstacles to be ironed out, Israeli officials said on Thursday that the ceasefire and hostage-release deal will be implemented this weekend.
The American Jewish Committee (AJC) wrote in a statement that it “welcomes the first stage of an agreement that will facilitate the release of 33 of the remaining hostages brutally abducted from Israel during Hamas’ attack.”
“While we await the final announcement from the Israeli government, AJC is grateful to the Biden administration, the incoming Trump Administration, and other global partners for working together to secure the first stage of the agreement,” said AJC CEO Ted Deutch. “We cannot wait to see the first hostages come home to their families, but the critical work to free every hostage — regardless of age, gender, or nationality — must continue. The international community must persist in its efforts to ensure that every hostage is reunited with their loved ones.”
Both the Jewish Democratic Council of America (JDCA) and Republican Jewish Coalition (RJC) celebrated the news, although the former attributed the agreement to US President Joe Biden, a Democrat, and the latter gave credit to incoming US President Donald Trump, a Republican who is set to be inaugurated on Monday.
“Since Oct. 7, 2023, we have shared in the anguish of the hostage families as they awaited the return of their loved ones held in Gaza by Hamas,” JDCA’s chief executive, Halie Soifer, and chair, Susie Stern, said in a statement. “Today, we are relieved and hopeful that the hostages will soon be reunited with their loved ones, and … we also stand with the families whose loved ones are still being held in Gaza, mourn those lost at the hands of Hamas, and will not rest until every hostage is returned.”
Soifer and Stern continued, writing, “We thank President Biden, Vice President [Kamala] Harris, and their team for their determined and enduring leadership and support of Israel and for their commitment to ensuring the hostages’ release.” They also urged the incoming Trump administration to “follow through on the measurable progress made by President Biden to end the war in Gaza and ensure that all parties honor their commitments.”
Meanwhile, the RJC said it “cautiously welcomes news that a ceasefire agreement has been reached between Israel and Hamas that will bring the release of hostages.”
It explained, “The excruciatingly difficult calculations for Israel around getting the hostages back, releasing terrorist prisoners, and other potential details of a ceasefire agreement are matters best left to the Israeli government.”
RCJ thanked “President-elect Donald Trump and his team for helping to move this process forward and for their unwavering support for Israel’s security” and argued that Trump’s promise there will be “hell to pay” if Hamas does not release the hostages by his inauguration “clearly had a significant impact on closing the gaps to reach this deal.”
The American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) wrote in a statement that it welcomes “the announcement of the deal to release the hostages who have been brutally held captive by Hamas in violation of both international law and basic humanity.”
“We are grateful these hostages are coming home, yet it is unconscionable that all those held by the terrorists have not yet been released, including US citizens,” AIPAC continued. “American and world leaders must increase the pressure on Hamas and its allies to ensure the terror group adheres to this deal and finally releases all the remaining hostages.”
On the other side, the Zionist Organization of America (ZOA) opposed the deal, saying it was “appalled at recent reports regarding a final draft hostage deal’s alleged terms.”
It argued that “the reported final draft deal would be a huge mistake. It would mean that many more innocent Jews will be murdered and kidnapped by these released terrorists. It would mean more October 7ths. It would be an Israeli surrender, and a victory for the Hamas and Palestinian Authority terrorists.”
Jewish religious denominations also reacted to the deal. The Orthodox Union, in a statement titled “Mixed Emotions,” said, “We rejoice with the hostages who are being released, and we weep with those remaining in the hands of the Hamas monsters …We rejoice with the soldiers able to return to their families, homes, and daily lives, and we weep for those who will not.”
It continued, “We rejoice with those whose heroic sacrifices have brought Israel outstanding successes, and we share the frustration of many of them that their mission remains incomplete … We are infuriated by the trading of monstrous terrorists for innocent hostages, and we are fearful of the evil those monsters seek to unleash.”
The statement concluded, “We are grateful to President Trump for moving quickly to bring freedom to many, but we will not forget for even a moment the many who remain. There should still be hell to pay.”
The Union for Reform Judaism approached the deal with more optimism. It wrote, “Today is a moment we have prayed to see for more than 15 months. We welcome today’s news of a ceasefire and hostage agreement with bittersweet joy: with open arms to embrace and welcome home the hostages, with hearts filled with deep appreciation for all those who made this ceasefire possible, and with heartfelt prayers that, from the ashes of this enormous tragedy, a process might finally emerge that leads to true and lasting peace with security for all.”
It emphasized the Jewish imperative to redeem captives and added that “to prevent further suffering and death of additional IDF soldiers, hostages, and innocent Gazans — now is the time for those who have consistently blocked this agreement, especially Hamas, to steadfastly uphold this accord.”
The post Jewish, Pro-Israel Organizations Have Mixed Reactions to Israel-Hamas Ceasefire Deal first appeared on Algemeiner.com.
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Israel Said to Clear Final Obstacles to Gaza Ceasefire Deal as Hostage Families Remain in Turmoil
The last obstacles to a Gaza ceasefire and hostage-release deal had been ironed out, and Israel’s security cabinet was set to approve it on Friday, Israeli officials said on Thursday evening.
The news came after Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu delayed the agreement earlier in the day, accusing the Palestinian terrorist group Hamas of reneging on previously agreed-upon terms.
A US source, cited by Israeli journalist Barak Ravid, also confirmed that the differences had been resolved. Meanwhile, a senior US official vowed the deal would proceed by Sunday — a day ahead of US President-elect Donald Trump’s inauguration.
Although Qatari and American mediators announced on Wednesday that the deal had been finalized, Israeli officials refused to issue a confirmation, and on Thursday said last-minute obstacles had emerged.
The sticking points center on the list of Palestinian prisoners who have been detained in Israel largely for involvement in terrorist activities to be released in exchange for the hostages who remain in captivity in Gaza after being kidnapped during Hamas’s invasion of and massacre across southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023.
Hamas had attempted to overturn a key clause in the agreement that grants Israel veto power over the release of high-profile inmates who are considered “symbols of terrorism,” a statement from the Prime Minister’s Office said. Israel has also accused Hamas of “demanding to dictate the identity of these murderers,” in direct contradiction to the previously agreed-upon terms.
According to Israeli Channel 12 journalist Chaim Levinson, Hamas is insisting on the release of Hassan Salameh, the mastermind of the Bus 18 suicide bombings in Jerusalem in the 1990s, in which 46 Israelis were killed.
Additional disagreements reportedly involve logistical issues, such as control over the Philadelphia Corridor along the Gaza-Egypt border.
The strategic border strip has been a significant point of contention in the ceasefire and hostage-release discussions. Israel has insisted on maintaining a military presence in the corridor to prevent arms smuggling into Gaza, citing several dozen tunnels unearthed there. Officials on Thursday denied that Israel had agreed to withdraw its forces from it as part of the deal.
But Aryeh Deri — a member of Israel’s parliament, known as the Knesset, where he serves as the head of the Shas party that is part of Netanyahu’s ruling coalition — said on Thursday that he had received a “final announcement that all obstacles have been overcome and the deal is underway.”
“I want to congratulate Prime Minister Netanyahu — as he is responsible for the agreement,” he told his party.
Despite the lingering challenges earlier in the day, White House national security spokesperson John Kirby expressed confidence that the deal would proceed on Sunday.
“We’re aware of these issues that the prime minister has raised today, this afternoon, their time, and we’re working through that. Our team on the ground is actually working with him and his team to iron all this out and flatten it and get it moving forward,” Kirby told NBC’s “Meet the Press.”
For families of the hostages, the delay has exacerbated an already unbearable wait.
“These truly are probably the most stressful days we’ve experienced in over a year since the last deal,” said Udi Goren, whose cousin Tal Haimi’s body remains in Hamas custody. Haimi was killed on Oct. 7, 2023, along with more than 1,200 others when Hamas-led Palestinian terrorists invaded southern Israel. His body was taken to Gaza. His wife, Ella Haimi, gave birth to the couple’s fourth child in May.
“For us, we have seen so many disappointments over these past 15 months. You know, if this saying were ever true — ‘I’ll believe it when I see it.’”
Emotions have run high, especially among bereaved families whose loved ones were killed by terrorists, many of whom oppose the deal, fearing it will lead to further terrorism down the line. Protests by those opposing the deal took place on Wednesday and Thursday evening in Jerusalem.
Israel Hayom journalist Ariel Kahana sharply criticized the role of Trump in pressuring Israel to finalize the emerging hostage deal, arguing it was pushed through prematurely. According to Kahana, senior Israeli officials believe Trump’s insistence on securing the agreement before his inauguration forced Netanyahu into accepting unfavorable terms. Describing it as “a bad deal, struck at the wrong time and under poor conditions,” Kahane claimed that waiting just a few more days could have allowed Israel to negotiate significantly better conditions.
“The deal, which is expected to take effect any moment now, will rehabilitate Hamas,” he argued. “The organization, which has suffered severe blows, will gain at least 1,000 new operatives directly from Israeli prisons. This influx of ‘new blood,’ quite literally, will undoubtedly lead to more bloodshed both within and outside Israel.”
“Why is the author of The Art of the Deal pushing Israel into a deal with the devil?” the journalist added, using the title of Trump’s popular 1987 book.
Goren called the agreement a “really bad deal.”
Nevertheless, he said it was a moral imperative to release the hostages now because that was the most pressing issue. “This is the consequence of Oct 7. I don’t want to say this is too high a price. This is the reality. The hostages will never, never come back by military force,” he said.
“Do I like it? No. They are insane jihadist terrorists,” Goren added.
Hamas-led Palestinian terrorists abducted 251 hostages during their rampage across Israel, which responded to the invasion with a military campaign aimed at freeing the captives and dismantling Hamas’s military and governing capabilities in neighboring Gaza.
More than 100 hostages were released as part of a temporary truce in November 2023, and others have been freed — both dead and alive — by Israeli rescue operations. Some 98 hostages are still in captivity, and at least a third of them are believed to be dead.
Addressing the families of terror victims opposed to the agreement, Goren acknowledged their concerns. “We’ve seen terrorists go back to terror. But does Israel have the ability and also the responsibility to track them after their release? Absolutely.”
He also addressed the families of Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers killed in the war who claim that their loved ones’ deaths were in vain if it would lead to the release of terrorists. Arguing that their sacrifice strengthened Israel’s negotiating position, Goren said, “The achievements in Gaza have allowed us to negotiate from a position of strength, ensuring Hamas no longer poses an existential threat to Israel.”
The post Israel Said to Clear Final Obstacles to Gaza Ceasefire Deal as Hostage Families Remain in Turmoil first appeared on Algemeiner.com.
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A fraud complaint regarding COVID-19 relief funds cost an anti-Zionist advocacy group a million bucks
Asaf Elia-Shalev reports for JTA.
One of the most reviled adversaries of the pro-Israel community was just dealt a major blow in a fraud complaint brought by an activist attorney.
The anti-Zionist advocacy group Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP), which accuses Israel of genocide in Gaza and wants the U.S. to end military aid to the country, agreed to pay a penalty of nearly $700,000 (U.S.) to settle an allegation of financial fraud, according to a Wednesday announcement from the U.S. Justice Department.
The resolution of the case, which centres on JVP’s application for COVID-19 relief funds in 2020, puts a significant strain on the group’s financial health—the group’s annual budget has hovered a little below $3 million for the past several years—and gives the group’s many critics a potent new weapon against it.
Awesome. And yeah, who would have imagined that an antisemitic group would also engage in fraud…
US anti-Zionist group Jewish Voice for Peace to pay $600,000-plus penalty after fraud allegations | The Times of Israel https://t.co/m11SH0Hgi8
— Andrés Spokoiny 🌟🌟🌟 (@Spokoiny) January 15, 2025
But JVP’s legal trouble was not just a lucky gift for its detractors—it was the direct result of one enterprising attorney’s strategy of weaponizing the law against critics of Israel. JVP is the latest in a string of left-wing and pro-Palestinian groups he has succeeded in damaging.
Daniel Abrams sics prosecutors on his targets using a law that allows private citizens to become whistleblowers when they discover alleged government fraud. The law also lets him collect a portion of the penalty paid to the government. He’s built a one-man business around the enterprise, called the Zionist Advocacy Center or TZAC.
“I’m a passionate Zionist and I’m also an attorney,” Abrams told Politico in an article published last year. “And so it’s natural to say, ‘Well, how can I combine those two things?’ And that’s what I started doing about 10 years ago.”
Meet the activist waging a legal war against Israel’s critics — and pocketing a lot of money https://t.co/mUplXBKYWn
— POLITICO (@politico) July 10, 2024
His earnings in this work as of last year are at least $1.7 million, according to a tally based on court records by the New York Times. Abrams is one of several attorneys making money by hunting for pandemic fraud, but Abrams is in it for more than just the earnings.
“We’re in America,” Abrams told Politico. “People have an absolute right to attack Israel unfairly, to slander Israel and so on. However, from my perspective, they don’t have the right to take government money to support their work that they’re not entitled to.”
He refers to his solo act as “lawfare” on behalf of Israel.
Now, a major voice on the right is calling on the incoming Trump administration to make lawfare the central tactic of a national crackdown on antisemitism. The idea appears in Project Esther, a proposal from the conservative Heritage Foundation think tank, which urges the federal government to target groups it deems supportive of the Palestinian terrorist group Hamas, including Jewish Voice for Peace.
In this case, Abrams found that JVP had received $340,000 through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act. He believed the group should have been ineligible for funding—money that millions of American companies and nonprofits had also received during the pandemic—due to rules excluding entities “primarily engaged in political or lobbying activities.”
He filed a lawsuit in late 2021 accusing JVP of lying on its application form, citing the group’s stated mission of campaigning to change U.S. policy on Israel. The federal prosecutors who looked at the case agreed with Abrams’ assessment and decided to move forward with it. If the matter had gone to trial and prosecutors had prevailed, JVP would have had to pay back in damages triple the amount it received.
Instead, a settlement limits the penalty to only double the amount, with no admission of liability by JVP. The group maintains that “any misstatements in this application were inadvertent,” according to the Justice Department. JVP’s leadership did not respond to a request for comment.
Abrams, who also did not respond to a request for comment, is owed about $68,000, or 10 percent of the penalty, according to a copy of the settlement agreement from the Justice Department. He will also collect about $1,800 from JVP, an amount representing his fees and expenses in filing the initial whistleblower lawsuit.
The JVP settlement comes several months after the resolution of another Abrams-instigated case against a Jewish group that is critical of Israel. In September, Americans For Peace Now, the U.S. fundraising arm of a progressive Israeli group that advocates for the two-state solution, reached a deal with federal prosecutors to pay $262,000 over an identical allegation.
The group’s president and CEO, Hadar Susskind, told the New York Times it settled to avoid the cost of litigation but that the group genuinely didn’t consider itself a political organization when it applied for the pandemic relief money.
Abrams is also behind two earlier pandemic fraud settlements signed by left-leaning Washington think tanks: the Middle East Institute and the Institute for Policy Studies.
Before the pandemic, when Abrams had just started his Zionist Advocacy Center work, he waged lawfare with a focus on humanitarian groups working in Gaza, such as Norwegian People’s Aid, that had received contracts from the American government through USAID. He alleged that his targets had lied when certifying to USAID they had no links to terrorists. Norwegian People’s Aid paid a penalty of $2 million to settle the matter.
Not all of the cases Abrams brings are successful. In 2020, a judge threw out a case he brought against the New Israel Fund, a group supporting left-wing causes in Israel, in which he alleged the group had abused its tax-exempt status.
And, in 2015 he sued the humanitarian group founded by the late President Jimmy Carter, accusing the Carter Center of support for terrorists over a gathering for Palestinian politicians in which it served them “physical assets of fruits, cookies, bottled water, and presumably other foods and drinks.” Government prosecutors dropped the case.
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