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In Chicago, a Black-led church and a Jewish community are addressing painful history through a Sukkot festival
CHICAGO (JTA) — Earlier this month, 40 people gathered in Chicago’s Lawndale neighborhood to design a sukkah.
But they hadn’t come together only to build a hut for the upcoming Jewish festival of Sukkot, which begins on Friday evening and revolves around Jews erecting and dwelling in temporary structures for a week.
For this interfaith, intergenerational group, constructing the impermanent space was a step forward in what they hope is an enduring relationship between a Jewish community on Chicago’s North Side and a Black-led church on the West Side.
“Interfaith, interracial, cross-city, cross-neighborhood relationship building does not happen overnight,” said Rabbi Lizzi Heydemann of Mishkan Chicago, the Jewish prayer community partnering on the project. “It’s taken over a year for us to get together three times, four times. This sustained effort of people to continue to build relationships takes a long time.”
The sukkah project is part of the Chicago Sukkah Design Festival, which was launched last year and aims to build connections between the predominantly Black West Side community of Lawndale and the city’s Jewish community, which was once centered in that neighborhood. As part of the festival, which will take place in Lawndale from Oct. 1-15, architects partner with local neighborhood organizations to build the sukkahs, which are repurposed as permanent structures following the festival.
This year, six organizations are building sukkahs, which will later become sites ranging from a pavilion for meditation or a tool library. Mishkan is the only synagogue participating in the festival, and it is building its sukkah in collaboration with the Lawndale Christian Legal Center, a legal services initiative founded by the Lawndale Christian Community Church.
Through building the sukkah, which will later serve as a memorial to 41 victims of gun violence who were part of the legal center, the communities hope to reckon both with present tragedy and historical pain.
The sukkah’s design will address the departure of Jews from Lawndale during the postwar “white flight” era, when white residents left newly integrated urban neighborhoods en masse for the suburbs. Lawndale once had 60 synagogues and 75,000 Jewish residents. By the mid-1950s, only 500 were left.
“It’s a sad, hard, important-to-reckon-with piece of Jewish history in Chicago,” said Heydemann, who delivered a sermon on that topic to the church on a Sunday last year. That Sunday was also Tisha B’Av, the Jewish fast day that commemorates the destruction of the ancient Holy Temples in Jerusalem.
“There are people from the congregation who remember when Jews and Black people both lived in the neighborhood before Jews moved out of the neighborhood, and that was a powerful conversation,” said Diana Collymore, a deacon who has been active in Lawndale Christian Community Church since 2014. “That’s one of the strongest pieces that stayed with people. There were people from Mishkan who remembered what street the grandpa or mom or dad grew up on here.”
The communities are collaborating with two firms: Architecture for Public Benefit and Trent Fredrickson Architecture, whose architects also hope to honor that shared history and create something that is responsive to the community’s needs, backgrounds and experiences.
“One of the community members was talking about this old Jewish restaurant that now doesn’t exist anymore and whenever she would go there she would feel welcome and at home,” said Chana Haouzi, the founder of Architecture for Public Benefit. “We just spoke of feeling invited and like that you could stay as long as you like.”
The relationship between Mishkan and Lawndale Christian began when Heydemann and the church’s lead pastor, Jonathan Brooks, who is also known as Pastah J, participated in a program for early-career clergy at the University of Chicago Divinity School. They have spoken to each other’s congregations and hope for the sukkah-building process to bring their members closer together.
Members are already finding commonalities between the two congregations.
“The Jewish community that came here from Europe, they were driven here from trauma and harm, and the African-American community that came from the South in the Great Migration, they too were fleeing trauma,” Collymore said. “And both have faith and they believe in a God, and their faith brought them and encouraged them and directed them and kept them and settled them in this space.”
One way the communities are connecting and confronting the past is through shared scripture. The group designing the sukkah found meaning in a well-known passage from Ecclesiastes, which is read in synagogue on Sukkot and relates how there is a time and a season for everything under the sun.
The two groups studied the passage, interpreting and analyzing the Hebrew and translated versions. Its text will later be emblazoned on the sukkah’s walls in Hebrew script, transliterated Hebrew and English.
“There’s appreciation around that Ecclesiastes passage,” Collymore said. “Having scripture out of both of our faiths, and especially the kind of passage so appropriate for the way things have changed here, I think this is a catalyst for more deeper conversations.”
The sukkah will have three main walls, which will feature shelves lined with vessels that contain artifacts contributed by the community to share stories and create moments of connection. At one gathering, participants painted and decorated rocks with designs and messages inspired by the passage from Ecclesiastes.
“We’ve documented a lot of the discussion, and I think ultimately it was this idea of understanding how these two communities work together and seeing the points of commonality and the focus on loving and caring for each other and putting people first and also God,” Haouzi said. “It’s really that idea that ends up being manifested in the design itself.”
In addition, Mishkan members have participated in a walking tour of the church’s community spaces and initiatives. In addition to the health center and the legal aid center, the church has a fitness center, a café with a roof deck, an organic farm, a recovery center for men who were recently incarcerated or are in recovery, and other community programs.
“It’s important for predominantly white Jewish people who have been told that they’re not safe in parts of Chicago that don’t look white and Jewish, even if these parts of Chicago used to be their grandparents’ homes, to just come there and see that this neighborhood has incredibly interesting, dynamic people who live here and projects they’re taking on,” Heydemann said. “There’s an incredible amount of [the] neighborhood investing in itself and, beyond the neighborhood, outside people looking and saying, ‘How can we be part of that?’”
When the sukkah design festival opens, the church and Mishkan will host a shared prayer service for the community. They also hope the sukkah provides a space for both shared meals and independent reflection.
“Not only will it be a physical manifestation of this collaboration between both groups but it will also invite other people to join and to host both communities to continue building on their collaboration,” Haouzi said.
Heydemann says her community’s partnership with Lawndale Christian Legal Center has led to members becoming regular monthly donors to the center and reading books that speak to its work. When the sukkah becomes a memorial to victims of gun violence, it will stand in a memorial garden whose design is being led by the legal center.
Heydemann says she hopes that when Jews come to the Sukkah Design Festival, they will feel motivated to do something “to try to reverse the decades of disinvestment.”
“I would hope that Jews across Chicago come to the festival and feel a sense of reawakened connection to this neighborhood, whether or not they have family who ever lived here,” she said. “I would also hope that Jewish people would see the sukkot and understand their own tradition, Judaism, is this beautiful, dynamic, interesting platform for relationship building across traditions.”
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Pro-Hamas Demonstration at NYU Draws Police Response
New York City Police Department officers escorting a detained pro-Hamas protester from the grounds of New York University on Dec. 12, 2024. Photo: Screenshot
New York City Police Department (NYPD) officers have arrested pro-Hamas protesters who staged an illegal demonstration on the grounds of New York University in Manhattan on Thursday, according to reports.
Members of Students for Justice in Palestine (SJP) — as well as professor faculty aligned with the SJP-affiliate Faculty for Justice in Palestine (FJP) — amassed outside the Bobst Library, as described by NYU student Bella Ingber on X/Twitter. Their action limited entry to the building to one entrance, Ingber added, an immense inconvenience to the thousands of students preparing for final exams and completing other large end-of-term assignments. Despite this, NYU reportedly failed to request a clearing of the protesters for as many as two hours.
According to the campus’ official school newspaper the Washington Square News, law enforcement later arrived and arrested at least two professors and roughly half a dozen others who, the university said in a statement shared by the paper, “repeatedly refused to stop blocking the entrances and walkway” of the building. The paper added that the protesters were restrained and located to police vehicles. Students were reportedly not included among the detained.
“For a short period, we restricted access to the library,” the university said in an update quoted by the Washington Square News. “We worked with students who have examinations or classes in the library to ensure they could enter. Library operations have resumed.”
The protest appears to be an escalation of activities from the previous day, when the protesters “occupied” the top floor of the library and vandalized it. They reportedly demanded that the university “disclose its investments in companies with ties to Israel.”
Obstructing university functions by commandeering school property is a signature strategy of pro-Hamas activists. Following Hamas’s Oct. 7 massacre across southern Israel in 2023, Harvard University students held a “die-in” outside the Business School, at which they encircled a Jewish student and screamed “Shame! Shame! Shame!” in his ears while tried to break free of them.
More recently, Students for Justice in Palestine at the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities occupied and prevented entry into and exit from the Morrill Hall administrative building, an incident which resulted in nearly a dozen arrests and severe disciplinary sanctions for the students who orchestrated it.
“Study-ins,” in which pro-Hamas students and sometimes faculty occupy a school library and make focusing on work exceedingly difficult, are a component of this style of protest.
One student who participated in such a demonstration at Tulane University in October told The Tulane Hullabaloo: “It is a very silent but studious way of promoting awareness about what is going on in the Middle East, in Gaza and Lebanon specifically, and hoping that Tulane, because of this, feels it necessary to no longer invest financially so heavily into companies that benefit from the war.”
Harvard University’s Widener Library saw a similar demonstration days earlier that was led primarily by faculty. One of them, African American Studies professor Walter Johnson, told The Boston Globe: “I don’t think that just because there are rules means that those rules are right,” noting that he elected to join the protest because the university had earlier punished students for “studying-in.”
New York University’s alleged failure to deal with similar, and worse, disruptions has already once prompted civil litigation and an expensive monetary settlement. In July, it agreed to pay an undisclosed sum of money to resolve a lawsuit brought by three students who sued the school for responding, allegedly, to antisemitic discrimination “with deliberate indifference.”
The suit alleged that NYU officials received but declined to address numerous reports that — according to the court documents filed in November — NYU students and faculty “repeatedly abuse, malign, vilify, and threaten Jewish students with impunity” and that “death to k—es” and “gas the Jews” were chanted by pro-Hamas supporters during protests at the school.
After the settlement was reached the university updated its Non-Discrimination and Harassment Policy (NDAH), including in it language which identified “Zionist” as a racial dog whistle that sometimes conceals the antisemitic intent of speech and other conduct that denigrates and excludes Jews. As previously reported by The Algemeiner, the policy acknowledges the “coded” subtleties of antisemitic speech and its use in discriminatory conduct that targets Jewish students and faculty.
NYU went further, recognizing that Zionism is central to the identities of the world’s 15.7 million Jews, an overwhelming majority of whom believe the Jewish people were destined to return to their ancient homeland in the land of Israel after centuries of exile.
“For many Jewish people, Zionism is a part of their Jewish identity. Speech and conduct that would violate the NDAH if targeting Jewish or Israeli people can also violate the NDAH if directed toward Zionists,” the university said.
Follow Dion J. Pierre @DionJPierre.
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Hamas Applauds Ireland’s Decision to Join South Africa Genocide Case Against Israel
Irish Foreign Minister Micheal Martin speaks to members of the media during the 78th United Nations General Assembly at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City, US, Sept. 19, 2023. Photo: REUTERS/Bing Guan
The Palestinian terrorist group Hamas has welcomed Ireland’s decision to formally join South Africa’s genocide case against Israel at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), calling on other states to follow Dublin’s lead.
“We urge all countries to intensify any pressure against the Israeli enemy to stop its brutal attacks on the Palestinian people,” Hamas said in a statement to Lebanon’s Al-Manar TV, according to Iranian state-run media.
The expression of support came after Irish Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Micheal Martin said on Wednesday that he had received the government’s approval to intervene in the case against Israel.
“By legally intervening in South Africa’s case, Ireland will be asking the ICJ to broaden its interpretation of what constitutes the commission of genocide by a state,” Ireland’s Foreign Affairs Department said in a statement. “We are concerned that a very narrow interpretation of what constitutes genocide leads to a culture of impunity in which the protection of civilians is minimized.”
The statement claimed that there has been “a collective punishment of the Palestinian people through the intent and impact of military actions of Israel,” adding, “Ireland’s view of the [Genocide Convention] is broader and prioritizes the protection of civilian life.”
Martin said last month that the government intended to join South Africa’s case at the ICJ before the end of the year. His comment came on the same day that the Irish parliament passed a non-binding motion saying that “genocide is being perpetrated before our eyes by Israel in Gaza.”
Since December, South Africa has been pursuing its case at the ICJ accusing Israel of committing “state-led genocide” in its defensive war against Hamas in Gaza.
In January, the ICJ ruled there was “plausibility” to South Africa’s claims that Palestinians had a right to be protected from genocide. However, the top UN court did not make a determination on the merits of South Africa’s allegations — which Israel and its allies have described as baseless and may take years to get through the judicial process. Israeli officials have strongly condemned the ICJ proceedings, noting that the Jewish state is targeting terrorists who use civilians as human shields in its military campaign.
Pro-Israel advocates welcomed the ICJ ruling because it did not impose a unilateral ceasefire in Gaza and called for the release of the hostages taken by Hamas last Oct. 7. Rather than declare that Israel was committing genocide in Gaza and order the Jewish state to stop its military campaign in the Palestinian enclave, the court issued a more general directive that Israel must make sure it prevents acts of genocide.
In late October, South Africa filed the bulk of the relevant material to support its allegations.
Ireland has been among Europe’s fiercest critics of Israel since Oct. 7 of last year, when Hamas-led Palestinian terrorists invaded the Jewish state from neighboring Gaza. The terrorists murdered 1,200 people, wounded thousands more, and abducted over 250 hostages in their rampage, the deadliest single-day massacre of Jews since the Holocaust. Israel responded with an ongoing military campaign in Hamas-ruled Gaza aimed at freeing the hostages and dismantling the terrorist group’s military and governing capabilities.
Last month, Ireland accepted the appointment of a full Palestinian ambassador for the first time, confirming that Jilan Wahba Abdalmajid would step up from her current position as Palestinian head of mission to Ireland.
In May, Ireland officially recognized a Palestinian state, prompting outrage in Israel, which described the move as a “reward for terrorism.” According to The Irish Times, Ireland is due to have its presence in Ramallah in the West Bank upgraded from a representative office to a full embassy.
Israel’s Ambassador in Dublin Dana Erlich said at the time of Ireland’s recognition of “Palestine” that Ireland was “not an honest broker” in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
More recently, Irish Prime Minister Simon Harris in October called on the European Union to “review its trade relations” with Israel after the Israeli parliament passed legislation banning the activities in the country of UNRWA, the United Nations agency responsible for Palestinian refugees, because of its ties to Hamas.
Recent anti-Israel actions in Ireland came shortly after the Institute for Monitoring Peace and Cultural Tolerance in School Education (Impact-se), an Israeli education watchdog group, released a new report revealing Irish school textbooks have been filled with negative stereotypes and distortions of Israel, Judaism, and Jewish history.
Antisemitism in Ireland has become “blatant and obvious” in the wake of Hamas’s Oct. 7 onslaught, according to Alan Shatter, a former member of parliament who served in the Irish cabinet between 2011 and 2014 as Minister for Justice, Equality and Defense.
Shatter told The Algemeiner in an interview earlier this year that Ireland has “evolved into the most hostile state towards Israel in the entire EU.”
Two months ago, an Irish official, Dublin City Councilor Punam Rane, claimed during a council meeting that Jews and Israel control the US economy, arguing that is why Washington, DC does not oppose Israel’s war against Hamas.
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Paraguay’s President Visits Western Wall Same Day as Embassy Reopens in Jerusalem
Paraguayan President Santiago Peña praying at the Western Wall in Jerusalem on Dec. 12, 2024. Photo: The Western Wall Heritage Foundation
Paraguay’s President Santiago Peña visited the Western Wall in Jerusalem on Thursday morning along with his family and a delegation of Paraguayan politicians during his trip to the Jewish state to celebrate the opening of the new Paraguayan embassy in Israel’s capital.
Peña silently prayed at the religious site, placed a personal note between the stones of the Western Wall, signed the guest book, and ended his visit with a tour of the Western Wall Tunnels.
“I am here today to thank God because, three years ago, I came here to pray that I would be granted the position of president and the opportunity to serve my country,” Peña said. “It is an honor for me to say thank you here and to renew my commitment to do good for Paraguay, for Israel, and for the Jewish people.”
The president was accompanied by a delegation that included Paraguay’s president of Parliament, ministers, and additional parliament members. The group was welcomed by Rabbi of the Western Wall and Holy Sites Shmuel Rabinowitz and Western Wall Heritage Foundation Director Mordechai (“Suli”) Eliav, both of whom expressed gratitude for Paraguay’s steadfast support for Israel.
Peña and his wife Leticia Ocampos also attended on Thursday the opening ceremony for the new Paraguayan embassy in Jerusalem, an event that featured the affixing of a mezuzah at the embassy. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu attended the dedication as well as Israel’s Minister of Foreign Affairs Gideon Saar, Knesset Speaker Amir Ohana, Jerusalem Mayor Moshe Lion, and Paraguayan Ambassador to Israel Alejandro Rubin.
Paraguay first moved its embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem in 2018, but months later, under a new government, the embassy was moved back to Tel Aviv. Peña blamed the move on “internal revenge” and expressed joy about now returning the Paraguayan Embassy to Jerusalem at the opening ceremony on Thursday.
“I was very happy to see that during the time that I was minister of finance, the government of Paraguay took a very bold decision, a very ambitious decision to open the Paraguayan embassy in Jerusalem,” said Peña. “I was very sad a couple months later when a new administration, driven mostly by revenge, an internal revenge, nothing to do with the people of Israel, decided to move it back. I am very happy that this is taking place in this very moment that the world is living, where a lot of people talk but not many people act. For us, not only saying but doing is very important.”
Peña then told Netanyahu: “On behalf of all the Paraguayan people, we were with you, we are with you, we will stay with the people of Israel forever.”
Netanyahu spoke at the opening ceremony about the bilateral ties between Paraguay and Israel.
“There is a basic sympathy between our people and the people of Paraguay,” he said. “Because you too are a small people. You too are beset by great powers. You too suffered the specter of annihilation. We underwent the Holocaust, you underwent a massive massacre. But you didn’t lose faith, you didn’t disappear and you maintained yourself.”
“This desire, both to seize the future, to create this progress, to create the benefits for humanity, which is what you see in this building, is coupled with the understanding that we have a heritage and a commitment to our past and to our future that transcends time,” he added.
“Because if the Jewish people were able to not merely survive but to ford the torrential river between annihilation and salvation, to reconstitute our life here, to rebuild our capital, to be a thriving power and a thriving innovator for humanity. This means that there is hope for all nations of the world. And the one nation that we seize with great friendship and great sympathy and great love is Paraguay. Thank you for coming here. Thank you for opening the embassy.”
Netanyahu and Peña had a private meeting in the prime minister’s office after the embassy opening ceremony, and during their talk, the president invited the Israeli premier to visit Paraguay. The two world leaders then attended a reception at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, where several memorandum of understandings (MOUs) and bilateral agreements were signed.
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